Raising Fresh Fish in Your Home Waters养鱼技术.docx

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1、RaisingFreshFishinYOUrHomeWaters养鱼S#AprojectofVolunteersinAsiaby:BrendaBorta,JackRuttle1andMarcPodemsewspInc.33Ea8tMinorStreetEmmaws,BA18049USAbo,Inc.BrendaBortzJackRuttleMurcPodsmsWIWBEAF1SHFARMERStManypeoplethinkoftishasapotentialcrop.Ru:thatsjustwhatcarp,catfish,trout,andbassare.Tillrecently,fi3h

2、hasbeenawiIdfoc:dinthiscountry-huntedandcaddhtinopctnwater:,thentakenhomeortomat.Butallthatischanging.Wildstockisbeingdcletrdbyoverfishingandcou!;mirlatcclbyindustry,andthecostottrcshandfrozenfishkeepsclinbing.21.uckily,theresahappyendingtothisfishstory.Inotherlandspeoplehavebeenstocking,breeding,fe

3、ed-ing,andharvestingfishforcenturies.Andmorerecently,Americansin-tistshavebeguntodomesticatede,siratlenativespeciesliketruutandr%,tfish.Puttingthisknowhowtowork,CUmmer1.iaIfarmsnowraisehugenumbersoffishmuchlikeagribusi-nesserodeextieandchickens.Attheoth,.extreme,countrypeopiestillen,Olthefarmpond-st

4、ockedfor;ecre,Itionandoccasionalmeals,butnottrulycultured.Now,though,theresamiddleground.Itsabackyardfishculture,;Imethodthatletsyougrowfish1ikeagardencrop.1.ikethefoodsyougrowin4,Ihcfishinyourwatergardenwillneedregularattentionandfeedingorfertilization.Caredforinthisway,apondthesizeofamodestswimmin

5、gpoolcansupplyenoughfishforafamily,Artdatypicalfarmpondcanyieldenoughtohaveplentyleftoverforsale.Backymlfishvs.barnyardanimaleFormanypeople,acropoffishcanalsoturnouttobethebestchoiceinlivestock.Highlydigestibleandlow,infat,fisharerichinprotein.Andtheirproteincomesclosert.meetingthebodysneedsthanmeat

6、proteindoes.Sincefisharecoldblooded,theydontburnfoodjusttokeepwarm.WhichmeanstIicyarconeoftIitsmostenergyefficientlivestockaround.Andunlikebarnyardanimals,theyreabsolutelyquidandodorless.Sincetheresnopenormanurepiletooffendtheneighbors,raisingfishis.analmostinvisiblewilytogrowSonirofyourownnitintown

7、orinthesuburbs.GREATINGAB1.ANCEDJtlikeorganicgardening,fishculturrinvolvesworkingwithawholelivingsystem.Ihcwaterthatwillbeyourgrowthmediumismuchmorethantheequivalentofnourishinggardensoil.Itsalsotheatmospherethatprovideslife-givingoxygen.Manyforcesinteractinthistotalen-vironmtnt,andasabeginnerinaqua

8、cultureyou11wanttoknowaboutthosethatdirectlyaffectfish.Cleanwaterisamustinfishcul-ture,andfortunatelythewaterinmostfarmponds,ruralstreams,springs,andwellsisnaturalIyclean,Keepinmind,though,thatthekindofwaterbestforfishfarmingisfarfromcrystalclear.healthybloomofalgaeisvitaltoahigh-yieldingsys-tcm,and

9、thesemicroscopicpeagreentoruddybrownplantscanmakewaterlooksoupy.Ifyoususpect,however,thatyourwatersourcecontainsman-madepol-Iutants,youshouldhaveitanalyzed.YourcountyAgriculturalExtensionAgentoryourstatesFishandCameCommissionpeoplecantellyouhowtodothis.Youmustalsobealerttonaturalsourcesoftrouble.Eve

10、nordinarysoi1aidec!byerosionortherootingofduckscanfoulwatertoonluchforthefishesliking,Inheavi1ystockedlx)ndg,droppingsfrmthefishthem-selvescangetthickenought,tnclog110withtinyparticles.Uncon-SUmCdbitsoffoodcandothesamething.Happily,theseprrblemsarent72*common-especiallywhenotheror-g;Inismsintheponda

11、redoingtheirwork.Temperatureiscrucial.Becausefisharecoldbloodedanimals,theycanbegrownonlywhenandwheretheclimateandwatersupplycooperatetoprovidewatertemperatureswithintheirgrowingrange.Moreover,eachkindoffishfavorsaspecificitimperatureringe.Someflourishonlyincoldwaters.OtherswontgrowandreproduceWellu

12、nlessthewaterisverywarm.Thewatertemperatureyouwillhavetoworkwithcanbecloselytiedtothetemperatureofyourwatersource,Ifym-sourcewaterflowsfastfromanundergroundsupply,itstemperaturewillberough1ythesameasthatofthegroundwaterinyourarea.(SeeFig.1,)Ontheotherhand,ifyourscrurctwatertricvklcsfrombe1owemendrat

13、herthangushes,itwillbewarmedsomewhatasitpassesslowlythroughthegroundbelowthefrostline.irtemperaturealsogreatlyinflu-encespondwatertemperatures.saruleofthumb,watertemperatureinapondtendstnapproachtheaver-ageairtemperature.Ibgetagoodideaofwhatthatis,scanthetableofaveragemonthlytemperaturesforyourarea.

14、(GetthisfromthenearestU.S.WeatherBureau.Or1ookitupatthelibraryinTheClimdictlasqfthiUStsorinagoodalmanacorencyclopedia.1Sincepondwaterrespondsslowlytochangesinairtemperature,thewatertemperatureinyourpondwillbeslightlybehindthetemperatureriseinspringandthedropinfall.Forthesamereason,pondwaterisusu-all

15、ycoolerthanthehottestairduringthedayandwarmerthanthecoolestairatnight.Thedeeperthepond,thelessthechangeinwatertemperaturebe-tweennightandday.Insmal1ponds,however,watcrtemperaturecanchangeafairamountonasummersdayandwillfollowseasonalchangesinairtemperaturemoreclosely,Thismeansthattobeonthesafesideinc

16、hoosingfish,youshouldknowbothaveragemonthlyairtemperaturesandtheapproximatehighesttemper-atureyourpondwaterisapttoreachinthesummer,(FishCommissionpeoplecanhelpyouwiththatesti-mate.)sallthissuggests,eachregionhasagrowing?ieasonforfish,Thoughpondsize,source-watertemperature,andclimateaffectthelengthofthisBeason,itwillcorres-pondrough1ytothefrost-freeperiodrdeninginyourarea,Hocloseitcomesyou11havetodeterminefromepg.Sence1mantinwinter,a1gaewillgrowa1it-tie.Watertcmpcrturtwillcent