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1、烧碱制作中电解槽的计算案例目录烧事制作中电IM1.的计算案例11.1 供给电w拉水的计算11.2 卜I算电i1.tb的113代的计算31.5 NaOH的计算416的41.7pH的计算418和世水51.1供给电解槽微水的计算进入电解槽的体积流fit为:155.7313+1.1134+0.1610=157.0057m质量浓度NaOo3=I1.5.2262157.OO57=O.734Og1.质量浓度C2=496784+157.0057=03164g1.质量浓度SOI4O.I581I57.0057=0.8972g1.表2.5供给电解槽盐水成分质量流量kg7)质量浓度(g1.)氯化钠碳酸根离子氯酸纳氯气
2、水合计48357.7556308140.15810.8927115.22620.734049.67840.3164177566.29491124.3582226229.11321.2计算电解槽流出的秋水假设食盐水流中NaQoJ为I570057kgh,则生成的NaCIO3为:157.57-I1.5.226241.7795kgh=0.3941kmo1.j则根据以下方程式:Ck+2NaOHNaCiO+:NaCHHQ3:3kmo1./h1.)822.36460.39411.97051.1823kg/h83.943394.58441.7795115.156021.2814假设生成的HC1.o为:15.8
3、259kg=0.3014kmoh由反应:CvH2-HQ-HQokmo1.0.30140.30140.30140.3014kg/h21.39945.425210.950415.6728假设电解槽的转化率为45%所以反应生成的NaOH为:48357.755645%48.540=17947.2083kg由反应:C1.2+H,II224.3401224.340115928.1471448.68022NaCI+2H,OT2NaOH+222kmo1./h448.6802448.6802448.6802kg/h26220.87098076.243617947.2083流出溶液中的NaC1.为:48357.7
4、556(1.-45%)+115.1560=26711.9216kgh生成的NaOH为:17947.2083-94.5840=17852.6243kg/h通过查找资料可得:Cb在水中,80C时的溶解度为0223g100g:10OC时的溶解度为000g1.()0g090T时的溶解度为:(0.223+02=0.1115g100g行找相关资料川可得:在8(C时,2O38g,1.NaCI水溶液的P=IO99.5k0n,219.6g/1.NaCI水溶液的p=UI4.8kgm3;在100C时,203.8J1.NaC1.水溶液的p=1086.6kgm219.6g/1.NaCI水溶液的p=1.101.9kgm在
5、90C时,2038gI.NaCI水溶液的密度为:90-80p-1099.5100-90I086.6-p90解得:p90=1093.05k助在90*C时,219.6g/1.NaCI水溶液的密度为:90-0p90-1.114.81OO-9O-11O1.9-p9o解得:P,j(I=IIO8.35kg,Inf在90T时,2O5g1.NaCI水溶液的密度为:205-203.5P-1093.05219.5-205=1108.35-p解得:p=1.094.2138kgm,则流出的食盐水为:V=26711.9216205=1.30.3021.m3总的质量流量为1094.2138130.3021=142578.
6、356OkghNaCIOi=122.8981+115.2262=238.1243kgh表2.6流出食盐水溶液成分侦量流量kg)侦室浓度(g/1.)氯化钠硫酸根离子狐酸钠26711.921620514().15811.0756157.00571.2049氯气156.25351.1992次氯酸15.67280.1203水115397.3443885.6138合计142578.35601.3 氯气的计算氯气出电解槽的址为:15928.147I+49.6784-83.9433-21.3994-156.2535=I571.6.2293kg由公式:PtbOnH2OPa2nCI2由此:1111-,O=xnC
7、hCI2i90C的蒸汽分压为58.4kPa.所以:P1.ho58.4帆。=跖XS=Irar221.3553=301.3322kmoVhCwC=301.332218=5423.9788kg小湿区气离开电解槽的总质量:15716.2293+5423.9788=21140.2081kgh表2.7湿氧气的组成成分质fit流fitkgh)Jkmo1.)氯气水合计15716.2293221.35535423.9788301.332221140.20811.4 氢气的计算由公式:P11.)nI1.2OPh2nH2由此:ntbo*=警XnH,90C的蒸汽分压为58.4kPa.所以短器W尸就HW053954km
8、明Ch2o=305.395418=5497.1169kg.1h湿纵气高开电解槽的总质量:5497.1169+448.6802=5945.7971kg/h表2.8湿氮气的细成成分J贞量流量(kg/h)Jkmo1.)氢气448.68022243401水5497.1169305.3954合计5495.79711.5 生成NaOH的计算阴极液在含有的水为:17852.624330.05%69.95%=41557.1071kg,h表2.9流出的阴极液的组成成分质量流量kgh)Jkmobh)乳乳化钠17852.6243446.3156水41557.10712308.7282合计59409.731416水的
9、计算流出-流入=4I557.IO7I5497.1.1.69+5423.9788+115397.3443,54252+8076.2436-21.2814-177566.2949=1630.3604kgh纯水的温度为25C,1.7 pH的计算盐水二次精制PH=I0,则CH=1X10-10mo1.1.Ch=2=1.33x1(T%o11.C0H=I.33103157.0057=0.2088mo1.h其中生成的H4为030溶液里剩卜.的H,一共有:0.30-0.2088=0.0912kmoVh食盐水流出溶液里含有的H/为:热X流出总量=浜烧川死aX1425783560=0.07256mo1.h流出食盐水
10、中CIr=0.07256+130.3021=5.56861.no1.1.所以PH=Ig(5.568610-1)=3.25431.8 除氯酸盐和淡盐水脱氯根据耍求假设淡盐水泵口的NaC1.的浓度为1.95g1.,所以NaCK)3的浓度为1.15g1.,又因为Ch的浓度为O.55g1.,所以设淡盐水V=x,NaCKh=y,NaCI=Z可列以下算式:I95x=2671.1.9216+1.1.5x=1.57.OO57-yz=O.734Oy联立解得:x=137.OO44nhy=5.3775g.z=3.9471.g,h反应式:NaCIO3+6HCINaCI+13C12+3II2O1633kmo1.40.0
11、50730.30440.050730.15220.1522kg/h50377511.09842.964710.80622.7396因为脱勾是脱除在溶液中不能完全反应的HCIo,但反应后仍会剩下少量的HCIO,所以假设反应结束后剩下的HCIO为9.5mg1.,则剩余HCIO为:0.01137.0044=1.37kgh消耗的HC1.O为:15.6728-1.3700=14.3028kgh反应式:HCIO+HCIC1.2+H2O1111kmo1.0.27260.27260.27260.2726kg/h14.30289.939019.35464.9068通过计算可得:NaC1.为:26711.9211
12、6+2.9647=26714.8863kghNaC1.OA为:157.0057-5.3775=151.6282kghCh为:O.55151.6282-83.3955kgh放出Ch为:156.2535+19.3546+10.8062=186.4143kgHQo为:0.02137.0044=1.3700kghSOJ为:140.1581.kg,h加入HCI为:11.0984+9.9390-21.0374kg力I1.入35%HQ为:21.037435%=60.1.069kgh查找资料Ui)可得:74,C卜195g1.NaC1.溶液的p=10992171.kgm3淡盐水是:1099.21711.37.0044=150597.5793kgh加水量为:150597.5793-26714.8863-151.6282-186.4143-1.3700-140.1581+4.9068+2.7396-1)5397.3443=8013.4245kgh