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1、美国名人黑人小说家拉尔夫艾里森RalphEllisons1952Book,InvisibleMan,WonAwardsandisStillDiscussedTodayplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:28repeatByRichardThorman2006-6-3(MUSIC)VOICEONE:mFaithLapidus.VOICETWO:AndImSteveEmberwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.TodaywetellaboutwriterRalphEllisonandhisfamousnovelInvisibleMa
2、n.Thebookisaboutanamelessblackmanssearchforhisidentityandplaceinsociety.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:RalphEllisonsnovel,InvisibleMan,waspublishedinnineteenfifty-two.Ellisonwasatoncecalledamajornewwriter.ThebookwontheNationalBookAward,ahighandrarehonorforafirstnovel.Sincethenmillionsofcopieshavebeenprinted.Theboo
3、kisstillusedinmanyuniversitiesandotherschools.Oneprofessorsaidthathehasusedthebookinhisteachingfortwenty-fiveyears.HesaidthateachtimehereturnstoInvisibleManhefindsnewideasinit.Ellisonwritesinthebeginningofhisbook:READER:Iamaninvisibleman.Iamamanofsubstance,fleshandbone,fiberandliquids-andImightevenb
4、esaidtopossessamind.Iaminvisible,understand,simplybecausepeoplerefusetoseeme.Whentheyapproachmetheyseeonlymysurroundings,themselves,orfigmentsoftheirimagination-indeed,everythingandanythingexceptme.VOICETWO:Fromthestart,InvisibleManwasabookthatchangedthewaywhiteAmericansthoughtaboutblackAmericans.It
5、alsochangedthewayblackAmericansthoughtaboutthemselves.Anditcausedmajordisputesamongbothblackandwhitecritics.Blackcriticssaidthebookwastoodifficulttoread.OneblackcriticsaidthattheblackmanneededInvisibleManlikeheneededaknifeinhisback.AnotherblackwriterdismissedEllisonbecauseEllisondemandedthatwritings
6、killsmustbelearnedbeforepoliticalideascanbeexpressed.Somewhitecriticsrefusedtoacceptablackwriterwhodidnotwritefromdirectangeratwhites.Theyseemedtowanthimnottowritefromhismind,butfromthecolorofhisskin.Yetthebookcontinuestolivelongaftermostpeoplehaveforgottenthedisputes.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:RalphEllisonwas
7、borninnineteenfourteen,inOklahomaCitOklahoma.HisfatherdiedwhenRalphwasthree.Hismothersupportedherselfandhersonbycleaningotherpeopleshouses.Shealsosupportedhersonsinterestinmusicandwriting.Shewouldtakehomeoldmusicrecordingsandmagazinesfromthehouseswheresheworked.Ralphlikedjazz,andplayedtrumpetinhishi
8、ghschoolband.Hedreamedofwritingseriousmusic.VOICETWO:Innineteenthirty-three,Ralphenteredablackuniversity,TuskegeeInstitute,inthestateofAlabama.Hewantedtostudymusic.HemovedtoNewYorkCityinnineteenthirty-six.Hestillplannedtostudymusicandart.However;thatsameyearheranoutofmoneyandcouldnolongerattendschoo
9、l.ThenineteenthirtiesinAmericaweredifficulteconomictimes.Therewerenotmanyjobstobefound,andevenfewerforblackmen.Ellisonworkedatmanythings.Heshinedpeoplesshoes.Heplayedtrumpetinajazzband.HeworkedfortheYoungMensChristianAssociation.Heworkedinfactories.Heworkedforabrieftimetakingpictures.Lackofmoneywasa
10、nimportantreasonforRalphEllisonbecomingawriter.Hesaid:READER:Ihavealwaysreadalot,andIbegantorealizeIhadacertaintalentforit.ItwasnoteasytobethekindofmusicianIwantedtobe:IdidnothaveenoughmoneytogotoJuilliardschoolofmusic.SoIstuckwithwhatIhad.VOICEONE:InNewYorkCityzEllisonjoinedtheFederalWritersProject
11、.ThiswasaprogramcreatedduringFranklinRooseveltspresidencytokeepwritersemployedatwriting.Hemettwoimportantblackwriters,LangstonHughesandRichardWright.WrightsoonwouldpublishNativeSon/thebookthatmadehimfamous.1.ateduringWorldWarTwo,EllisonservedasacookintheUnitedStatesMerchantMarine.Merchantmarineships
12、carriedwarsuppliestoAmericanandalliedsoldiers.ForEllison,thewarwasatimeoflearningandtryingtowrite.HereadbooksbytheAmericanwritersT.S.EliotzErnestHemingway,andWilliamFaulkner.AndhereadbooksbyforeignwritersliketheIrishwriterJamesJoyce.VOICETWO:RalphEllisonsstorieswerefirstpublishedduringWorldWarTwo.Wh
13、enthewarwasover;hevisitedafriendinthestateofVermont.Ellisonsaid:READER:OnedayIwrote,lamaninvisibleman.Ididnotknowwhatthosewordsrepresentedatthestart,andIhadnothoughtaboutwhatgavemetheidea.Thebookthatstartedwiththosewordstookalmostsevenyearstowrite.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:1.ikemanyothernovels,Ellisonsstoryis
14、aseriesofexperiencesasthestorytellerlearnstodealwithlife.Yet,unlikeothernovels,InvisibleMantakesplaceinadream-likeatmosphereintheUnitedStates.Itisaworldwheredreamscomeclosetoreality,andtherealworldlooksUkeafrighteningdream.ThemantellinghisstoryinInvisibleManlivesinahiddenundergroundspace.Buttoprovet
15、hatheexists,atleasttohimself,hehaslithisundergroundroomwithonethousandthreehundredsixty-ninelights.Theyremainlitwithpowerhehasstolenfromtheelectriccompany.InmuchofEllisonsnovelthepersontellingthestoryisavictim,usuallyofwhitepeople,butalsoofsomeblacks.Hebothlovesandhatestheworld.Heplanssomedaytoleave
16、hisundergroundshelter.Hesaysthatasamanheiswillingtobelievethateventheinvisiblevictimisresponsibleforthefateofall.VOICETWO:Themantellingthestorysaysthatasaboy,whitemencoveredhiseyeswithacloth.Thewhitementelltheboytoblindlyfightotherblackboys.Theblacksareforcedtofighteachothertopleasewhites.AttheendofthenovelthestoryhasmovedfromtheAmericanSouthtotheNor
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