美国名人 作曲家 乔治·格什文2.docx

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1、美国名人作曲家乔治格什文2GeorgeGershwin:MoreoftheLifeandMusicofOneofAmericasGreatSongwritersplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:00repeatByShelleyGollust2005-6-11(MUSIC)VOICEONE:mBarbaraKlein.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.TodaywecontinueourreportaboutthelifeandmusicofoneofAmericasgreate

2、stcomposers,GeorgeGershwin.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Aswereportedlastweek,GeorgeGershwinpublishedhisfirstsongwhenhewasjusteighteenyearsold.Duringthenexttwentyyears,untilhisdeath,hewrotemorethanfivehundredmoresongs.Healsowroteanopera,andmusicforpianoandorchestra.ManyofGeorgeGershwinssongswerefirstwrittenformus

3、icalplaysperformedintheatersinNewYorkCity.Thesecomedies,withplentyofsongs,wereapopularformofentertainmentinthenineteentwentiesandnineteenthirties.OneofGershwinsmusicalplays,GirlCrazy,introducedayoungsingernamedEthelMerman.ShebecameoneofthemostcelebratedperformersinAmerica.Intheplay,EthelMermansangas

4、ongGeorgeGershwinwrotejustforher.ItwascalledIGotRhythm.,(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ManysongsthatGeorgeGershwinwroteformusicalplaysandmovieshaveremainedaspopularasever.Overtheyears,theyhavebeensungandplayedineverypossibleway-fromjazztocountry.Oneexampleisthesong,SomeonetoWatchOverMe.Itwaswrittenforthenineteentw

5、enty-sixmusicalOh,Kay!Hereisamodernversionofthesong,sungbyWillieNelson.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Inthenineteentwenties,therewasadebateintheUnitedStatesaboutjazzmusic.Couldjazzzsomepeopleasked,beconsideredseriousmusic?Innineteentwenty-four,jazzmusicianandorchestraleaderPaulWhitemandecidedtoorganizeaspecialconc

6、erttoshowthatjazzwasseriousmusic.GeorgeGershwinagreedtocomposesomethingfortheconcertbeforeherealizedhowlittletimehehadtodoit.Theconcertwasjustafewweeksaway.Gershwingotbusy.And,inthatshorttime,hecomposedapieceforpianoandorchestra.HecalleditRhapsodyinBlue.VOICETWO:GershwinhimselfplayedthepianopartofRh

7、apsodyinBlueattheconcert.Theaudienceincludedsomeofthegreatestclassicalmusiciansofthetime.Whentheyheardhismusic,theywereelectrified.Itseemedtocapture,forthefirsttime,thetruevoiceofmodernAmericanculture.Today,wecanstillhearGershwinplayingRhapsodyinBlue.Anoldmechanicalpianorecordinghasbeenreproducedexa

8、ctlyonthisrecording.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:RhapsodyinBluemadeGeorgeGershwinfamousallovertheworld.Severalhundredthousandcopiesoftheprintedmusicsoldimmediately.Gershwinwassatisfiedthathehadshownthatjazzmusiccouldbebothseriousandpopular.Gershwinalsowroteanopera,PorgyandBess.ItwasbasedonabookbyDuBoseHeyward.It

9、isatragiclovestoryaboutblackAmericansalongthecoastofSouthCarolina.PorgyAndBessopenedinBoston,Massachusetts,innineteenthirty-five.Audienceslovedit.Butmostcriticsdidnotknowwhattothinkofit.Itwasnotlikeanyotheroperaormusicalplaytheyhadeverseen.Gershwinwasnotaffectedbythecriticsopinions.Hebelievedsomeofh

10、isgreatestmusichadgoneintotheopera.Hesaidhehadcreatedanewmusicalform-anoperabasedonpopularculture.HereisthesongSummertimefromalaterproductionofPorgyandBessinnineteenfifty-two.LeontynePrice,whoplayedBess,singsthesong.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Anotherwell-knownGershwinpieceisAnAmericaninParis.Itisalongtonepoemf

11、ororchestra.ItsfirstpublicperformancewasbytheNewYorkPhilharmonicOrchestrainnineteentwenty-eight.HereisamodernrecordingfromAnAmericaninParis.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Onceagain,opinionwasmixed.MostpeoplelovedAnAmericaninParis/astheylovedallofGershwinsmusic.Somecriticslikedit,too.Theycalledithappyandfulloflife.

12、Othershatedit.Theycalleditsillyandlong-winded.Still,itremainsoneofhismostpopularworks.VOICETWO:GeorgeGershwindiedinnineteenthirty-seven,justdaysafterdoctorslearnedhehadbraincancer.Hewasonlythirty-nineyearsold.Newspapersallovertheworldreportedhisdeathontheirfrontpages.Everyonemournedthelossofthemanan

13、dallthemusichemighthavewritten.GeorgeGershwinisstillconsideredoneofAmericasgreatestcomposers.Hisworksstillareperformedbymanysingersandgroups.TheyareprobablyperformedmoreoftenthananyotherseriousAmericancomposer.VOICEONE:AustriancomposerArnoldSchoenbergwasoneofthepeoplewhopraisedGeorgeGershwin.SchoenbergsaidGershwinwasamanwholivedinmusicandexpressedeverythingthroughmusic,becausemusicwashisnativelanguage.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ThisprogramwaswrittenbyShelleyGollust.ItwasproducedbyLawanDavis.mSteveEmber.VOICEONE:AndmBarbaraKlein.JoinusagainnextweekforPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.