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1、TeachingdesignUnit3TheInternetDiscoveringUsefulStructuresTalkaboutsomethingthathasbeendoneI,1.earningobjectivesBytheendofthissection,youwillbeableto:1. identifythepresentperfectpassivevoice;2. grasptheformsandfunctionsofthepresentperfectpassivevoice;3. comparethepresentperfectpassivevoicewiththeacti
2、veform,andchangetheactiveformintothepassiveform;4. applythepresentperfectpassivevoicetocompleterelatedexercises,likecreatingapoem.11.1.earningimportanceanddifficulties1. Grasptheformsandfunctionsofthepresentperfectpassivevoice;2. Howtochangethepresentperfectactivevoiceintothepassiveform.11I.Teaching
3、proceduresStep11.ead-in1.ookanddiscusswhat,sthesimilarityofthesesentencesinthepassage?MuchhasbeenWritIenaboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.People,sliveshavebeenChangedbyonlinecommunitiesandsocialnetworks.Manypeoplehavebeenhelpedbytheclub.Jan,slifehasbeengreatlyimprovedbytheInternet.Suggestedanswer:The
4、yallusethepresentperfectpassivevoice.Step2PresentationActivity1Readthepairsofsentences.Underlineandcomparethedifferentverbforms.Jan,slifehasbeengreatlyimprovedbytheInternet.MuchhasbeenwrittenaboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.TheInternethasgreatlyimprovedJan,Slife.Peoplehavewrittenmuchaboutthewonderso
5、ftheWorldWideWeb.Howdoweformthepresentperfectpassivevoice?VerbformActive:have/has+v-edPaSSiVe:have/has+been+v-edActivity2Changethesentencesintothepresentperfectpassivevoice.Findoutthedifferencesinmeaningandfunctionbetweentheactiveandpassiveforms.EXAMP1.EThey,vebuiltakindofnewPCwithmorefunctions.Akin
6、dofnewPChasbeenbuiltwithmorefunctions.1.1 havedownloadedthesoftwaretohelpmyphonebatterylastlonger.2. Someonehaslostanidentitycard.3. HaveyouconfirmedtheWi-Fipassword?4. Haveyoupressedthebuttonyettocopythefile?5. Hasanyonemadeacommentabouttheonlinedatabase?Suggestedanswers:1.Thesoftwarehasbeendownloa
7、dedtohelpmyphonebatterylastlonger.2 .Anidentitycardhasbeenlost.3 .HastheWi-Fipasswordbeenconfirmed?4 .Hasthebuttonbeenpressedyettocopythefile?5 .Hasa/anycommentbeenmadeabouttheonlinedatabase?ThePresentPerfectActiveVoiceVSThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice1. SUbjeCt（主语）：Inanactivesentence,thesubjectisdoin
8、ganactiontoanobject,whileinapassivesentence,thesubjectishavingsomethingdonetoit,andthedoerofthatactionisnotnecessarilymentioned.2. Function:Activesentencesareusedoften,astheyaremoredirect.Passivesentencesareoftenusedwhenthedoerofanactionisunknown,notimportant,orpreferrednotnamed.Step3Theformsandfunc
9、tionsofThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice1 .形式：(1)肯定式：主语+have/has+beendone+其他A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYearforbeingBritainsoldestfull-timeemployee一stillworking40hoursaweek.一位90岁的老人被授予“年度女性”称号，因为她是英国年龄最大的全职员工仍然每周工作40小时。(2)否定式：主语+have/hasnotbeendone+其他Theyhaven,tbeentoldtheexcitingnewsyet,haveth
10、ey?还没有人告诉他们这个令人激动的消息，是吗？(3) 一般疑问式：Have/Has主语+beendone+其他？一Hasherworkbeenfinished?她的工作完成了吗？Yes,ithas.是的，完成了。(4)特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+beendone+其他？Howlonghasthemachinebeenused?这台机器使用多久了？2 .用法：(1)表示被动的动作到说话时刻为止已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already,yet,since,recently,sofar,bynow,uptill/tonow,over/inthe
11、past/fewyears等连用。Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreementhasbeenreachedsofarbythetwosides.尽管进行了前几轮谈判，但双方迄今仍未达成任何协议。Shakespeare,SplayHamlethasbeenmadeintoatleasttendifferentfilmsoverthePaStyearS.莎士比亚的戏剧哈姆雷特在过去的几年里被拍成了至少十部不同的电影。(2)表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for或SinCe等引出的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于howR
12、mg引出的句子中。Themachinehasbeenrepairedfortwohours.这台机器已经被修理两个小时了。（可能还会继续被修理）（3）用于时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时以前已经完成的动作。We,11startassoonastheworkhasbeenfinished.这份工作一完成我们就立即动身。3.注意：（1）非延续性动词,如borrow,finish,begin,start,buy,marry,open,join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。工程已开始三个月了。Theprojecthasbeensta
13、rtedforthreemonths.（F）Theprojecthasbeenonforthreemonths.（T）（2）现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别：Themachinehasbeenrepaired.（说明动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，“现在修好了”）Themachinewasrepairedyesterday.（只说明动作发生在过去）4.现在完成时的主动语态变被动语态：（1）只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。Tomhassoldoutallthemagazines.Allthemagazineshavebeensoldoutby
14、Tom.（2）带有双宾语的动词，如give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read,sell,buy,pay,lend,pass,PrOmiSe等,变为被动语态时,一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。Wehavegivenhimthebook.Hehasbeengiventhebook./Thebookhasbeengiventohim.（3）带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语。AfterdecoratingtheAmb
15、erRoomwithjewels,theartistshavemadeitmoresplendid.Afterbeingdecoratedwithjewels,theAmberRoomhasbeenmademoresplendid.注意：带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，若宾语补足语为省略to的不定式充当时，在被动语态中需将省掉的to加上。Thebosshasmadehiscompanyoffermorechancesforpeopletowork.Hiscompanyhasbeenmadetooffermorechancesforpeopletowork.Step4PracticeTask1Completethesentenceswiththepresentperfectpassivevoiceofthegivenverbs.1.A:Whycan,tIaccessmyaccount?B:yourpersonalinformation(update)?2. Bothlearningsites(visit)byover10,000peoplesincelastyear.3. Thiskeyboard(notuse)foralongtime.4. Canyoutellmewhat(do)tobridgethedigitaldivide?5. InthepastyearI(i
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