美国名人 音乐人 伍迪格斯里 2.docx

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1、美国名人音乐人伍迪格斯里2WoodyGuthrie,1912-1967:HeWroteOneofAmerica*SBest1.ovedSongs:This1.andisYour1.and,playstopmutemaxvolume00:00-19:01repeatByShelleyGollust2010-6-19Photo:loc.govThis1.andisYour1.andbecamehismostfamoussong.MARYTI1.1.OTSON:mMaryTilIotson.STEVEEMBER:AndImSteveEmberwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogr

2、am,PEOP1.EINAMERICA.Today,wecompleteourstoryaboutsongwriterandsingerWoodyGuthrie.(MUSIC)MARYTI1.1.OTSON:WoodyGuthriegrewupinOklahomaandTexasduringthenineteentwenties.Ashorttimelater,manyfarmsinthesestatesfailed.Extremedryweatherruinedthesoil.ThisareabecameknownastheDustBowl.1.ikemanypeople,Woodyleft

3、forCaliforniatofindwork.However,manypeoplecouldonlyfindworkonfarmsgatheringfruitorothercrops.Theseworkersoftenlivedincampswithpoorconditions.Woodyvisitedthesefarmworkercamps.Heplayedhisguitarandsangsongshewrotethatdescribedtheconditionsatthecamphewasvisiting.STEVEEMBER:1.aborunionorganizersinCalifor

4、niafoundWoodyGuthrieusefultotheircause.TheyurgedhimtogotoNewYorkCitytomakerecordingsofhissongs.WoodylikedtheideaandleftCaliforniaforNewYorkCityinnineteenforty.TherehemetAlan1.omaxzanexpertonAmericastraditionalmusic.1.omaxworkedfortheUnitedStates1.ibraryofCongressinWashington,D.C.Hecollectedandrecord

5、edtraditionalAmericanfolkmusic.WhenheheardWoodysing,1.omaxknewhehadfoundatruesingerOfAmericanfolkmusic.Ioc.govWoodyGuthriesangsongsthatdescribedtheconditionsatfarmworkercamps.MARYTI1.1.OTSON:Alan1.omaxrecordedmanyofWoodyssongsforthe1.ibraryofCongress.HealsohelpedWoodyfindworkinNewYork.Onecompanyagre

6、edtorecordsomeofWoodyssongs.TherecordhemadewascalledDustBowlBallads.Thesongstoldstoriesofpeoplewhohadlosttheirland.ManymusiccriticspraisedWoodyandthesongshewrote.1.omaxalsohelpedWoodygetajobwithCBSRadio.HesangandplayedfolkmusiconaradioprogramthatwasbroadcastacrosstheUnitedStates.STEVEEMBER:Woodyands

7、everalothermusiciansjoinedtogethertowritepoliticalprotestsongs.OneofthesewasPeteSeeger.WoodywroteperformedwithagroupcalledtheAlmanacSingers.1.atesomemembersofthegroupformedthefolksinginggroupcalledtheWeavers.ItwasduringthistimeinNewYorkthatWoodywrotewhatbecamehismostfamoussong,This1.andisYour1.and.H

8、edescribedthebeautyandrichnessofAmericathathehadseenduringhistravels.HebelievedAmericashouldbeaplacethatbelongstorichandpoorpeoplealike.Thefirstversionofhissongexpressedoppositiontoprivateproperty.(MUSIC-THIS1.ANDISYOUR1.AND)MARYTI1.1.OTSON:Innineteenforty-one,theInteriorDepartmentaskedWoodyGuthriet

9、owritesongssupportingthebuildingoftheBonnevilleDamontheColumbiaRiverinWashingtonstate.Hewrotetwenty-sixsongsinamonth.ThebestknownoftheseisRollonColumbia.(MUSIC-RO1.1.ONCO1.UMBIA)STEVEEMBER:WoodyGuthriewroteabookabouthisearlylifeinOklahomaandTexas.Itwaspublishedinnineteenforty-three.HecalleditBoundfo

10、rGlory.Hedescribedhischildhood,andthepainofwatchinghismotherslowlybecominginsane.HealsowroteabouthistravelsandtheneedypeoplehesawinmanypartsofAmerica.Onebookcriticwrote:Someday,peoplearegoingtowakeupandrealizethatWoodyGuthrieandhissongsareanationaltreasure,liketheYellowstoneorYosemiteparks.MARYTI1.1

11、.OTSON:DuringWorldWarTwo,WoodyjoinedAmericasMerchantMarine.TheMerchantMarinetransportedsoldiersandsuppliesacrosstheAtlanticOceantoEurope.1.ater;WoodyservedintheArmy.HereturnedtoNewYorkwhenthewarended.Woodyswifehadlefthimafewyearsearlier.Innineteenforty-five,hemarriedMarjorieMazia.Shewasadancerwithth

12、eMarthaGrahamdancegroup.WoodyandMarjoriehadadaughternamedCathyAnn.Innineteenfifty,Woodybeganwritingsongsforchildren.Thesebecameverypopular.HereisonecalledRidinginMyCar.Itshowshissenseoffunandhumor.(Msc-RDNGinmycar)APOneofthefirstsongsWoodyGuthriewrotewasaboutfleeinghishomeintheDustBowl.STEVEEMBER:On

13、eday,whileWoodyandMarjoriewereaway,afirestartedintheirhouse.TheirdaughterCathyAnnwasseverelyburned.Shediedthenextday.Woodywascrushedbyherdeath.Herememberedhowhissisterhaddiedthesameway.HewasneverthesameafterCathyAnndied.Hehadtroubleearningmoney.Hebegandrinkingalcohol.WoodyandMarjoriehadseveralmorech

14、ildrenafterCathyAnnsdeath.Buttheirmarriageended.WoodyGuthriebegannotingsomethingstrangeabouthimself.Hefoundthatthewordshewroteoftendidnotmakesense.Andhehadsuddenattacksofuncontrollableshaking.Innineteenfifty-two,doctorsconfirmedhisworstfears.HehadHuntingtonsChorea,thesamediseaseofthebrainandnervouss

15、ystemthathadkilledhismother.WoodyGuthriewasfortyyearsold.MARYTI1.1.OTSON:Therewasnotreatmentforthedisease.Hisconditiongotworse.Innineteenfifty-four,WoodyGuthrietraveledonemoretimeacrossAmerica.Hewantedtoseetheplaceswherehehadlivedandtheworkerscampswherehehadsung.Oldfriendshadtroublerecognizinghim.In

16、steadofayoungmanfulloflife,theysawanoldmanwhocouldnotspeakclearlyorcontrolhisshaking.Finally,heenteredahospitalbecausehecouldnolongercareforhimself.Butwhileheseemedtobeforgotten,hismusicwasnot.Bythelatenineteenfifties,folkmusicbecamepopularagainintheUnitedStates.MoreAmericansbeganlisteningandplayingthesongsofWoodyGuthrie.Youngfolksingers,likeBobDylan,cametoNewYorktovisitWoodyinthehospit