美国名人 作家 威廉·福克纳 （1）.docx

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1、美国名人作家威廉福克纳(1)WilliamFaulkner,PartOneplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-14:46repeatByRichardThorman2004-12-4(THEME)VOICEONE:mFaithLapidus.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.Today,webeginthestoryofthelifeofafamousSouthernwriter,WilliamFaulkner.Hewroteaboutanimaginaryplaceanddescrib

2、edchangesintheAmericanSouth.(THEME)VOICEONE:WilliamFaulknerwasbornattheendofthenineteenthcentury.ItwasatimewhenthereweretwoSouthsintheUnitedStates.ThefirstwastheSouthwhosebeliefshadexistedfrombeforetheAmericanCivilWarwhichbeganineighteensixty-one.ThisSouthdidnotquestionrules,evenwhenthoserulesdidnot

3、satisfyhumanneeds.ItwasaSouthfilledwithinjusticeforblackpeople.Itheldtheseedsofitsowndestruction.TheotherSouthwasalandwithoutanybeliefs.Itwasaplacewheresuccesswasmeasuredbyself-interest.ThiswasaSouthwhereeachpersonhadlosthisplaceinthegroup.Itwasaplacewherepeopleownedthingsthattheydidnotknowhowtouse.

4、Faulknersawthattheoldbeliefswerenotrightorevenworthbelieving.Andhesawthattheycouldnotprovidejusticebecausetheywerebasedonslavery.YethefeltthatevenwiththeirliesandhalftruthstheoldbeliefswerebetterthanthemoralemptinessofthemodernSouth.VOICETWO:InFaulknersstorycalledTheBearagroupofmenaretalkingafterthe

5、dayshunt.OnemanreadsfromapoembytheEnglishwriter,JohnKeats:Shecannotfade,thoughthouhasnotthyblisszForeverwiltthoulove,andshebefair.,Hestalkingaboutagirl,onemansays.Theotheranswers,Hewastalkingabouttruth.Truthisone.Itdoesntchange.Itcoversallthingswhichtouchtheheart-honorandpityandjusticeandcourageandl

6、ove.Doyouseenow.,TheAmericanwriter,RobertPennWarrensaysaboutFaulkner,Theimportantthingisthepresenceoftheideaoftruth.Itcoversallthingsthatinvolvetheheartanddefinetheeffortofmantoriseabovethemechanicalprocessoflife.,VOICEONE:Faulknerhasbeenaccusedoflookingbacktoatimewhenlifewasbetter.Yetzhebelievestha

7、ttruthbelongstoalltimes.Butitisfoundmostofteninthepeoplewhostandoutsidewhathecallstheloudworld.OneofthepeopleinhisstoryDeltaAutumnsayszTherearegoodmeneverywhere,atalltimes.Faulknersgreat-grandfatheracceptedtheoldbeliefs.HewasoneofthemenwhohadhelpedbuildtheSouth,buthistimewasgone.Nowmoneyhadreplacedt

8、heoldorderofhonor.WhatFaulknersawwasthattherecouldbenoorderatallznoideaofdoingwhatisright,inaworldthatmeasuredsuccessintermsofmoney.VOICETWO:ThisisthechangingSouththatFaulknerdescribesintheareahecreated.HenameditYoknapatawphaCounty.HedescribesitasinthenorthernpartofthestateofMississippi.Itliesbetwee

9、nsandhillscoveredwithpinetreesandrichfarmlandneartheMississippiRiver.Ithasfifteen-thousand-six-hundred-elevenpeople,livingonalmostfour-thousandsquarekilometers.ItscentralcityisJefferson,wherethestorekeepers,mechanics,andprofessionalmenlive.TherestofthepeopleofYoknapatawphaCountyarefarmersormenwhocut

10、trees.Theironlycropsarewoodandcotton.Afewliveinbigfarmhouses,leftfromanearliertime.Mostofthemdonotevenownthelandtheyfarm.ThecriticMalcolmCowleysays,OthersmightsaythatFaulknerwasnotsomuchwritingstoriesforthepublicastellingthemtohimself.Itiswhatalonelychildmightdo,oragreatwriter.(MusicBridge)VOICEONE:

11、WilliamFaulknerwasborninNewAlbany,Mississippi,ineighteen-ninety-seven.Hisfatherworkedfortherailroad.Williamsgreat-grandfatherhadbuiltit.Hisgrandfatherownedit.Whenthegrandfatherdecidedtoselltherailroad,Williamsfathermovedhisfamilythirty-fivemileswesttothecityofOxford.GrowingupinOxford,WilliamFaulkner

12、heardstoriesofthepastfromhisgrandmotherandfromablackwomanwhoworkedforhisfamily.Heheardmorestoriesfromoldmeninfrontofthecourthouse,andfrompoorfarmerssittinginfrontofacountrystore.Youlearnthestories,Faulknersays,withoutspeechsomehowfromhavingbeenbornandlivingbesidethem,withthem,aschildrenwillanddo.VOI

13、CETWO:Faulknerwasagoodstudent.Yetbythetimehewasfifteenhehadleftschool.ExceptforayearattheUniversityofMississippiattheendofWorldWarOnezthatwasthelastofhisofficialeducation.HetookanumberofjobsinOxfordzbutdidnotstaywithanyofthem.Hebegantothinkthathewasawriter.Theninnineteen-eighteenthewomanhelovedmarri

14、edanotherman.FaulknerleftMississippiandjoinedtheBritishRoyalFlyingCorps.HewassenttoCanadatotraintofightinWorldWarOne.ThewarendedbeforehecouldbesenttoEurope.HereturnedtoOxford,walkingwithdifficultybecauseofwhathesaidwasawarwound.,VOICEONE:AthomeFaulkneragainmovedfromonejobtothenext.Hewrotebadpoetry,d

15、rewpicturesthatlookedlikeothermenspictures,andwroteuninterestingstories.Abookofhispoetry,TheMarbleFaunzwaspublishedinnineteen-twenty-four.AyearlaterhewenttotheSoutherncityofNewOrleans,Louisiana.TherehemettheAmericanwriter,SherwoodAnderson.Theybecamefriends.AndersontoldFaulknertodevelophisownwayofwri

16、ting,andtousematerialfromhisownpartofthecountry.HealsotoldFaulknerhewouldfindapublisherforthenovelFaulknerwaswriting.ButAndersonalsotoldFaulknerthathewouldnotreadthebook.VOICETWO:ThebookwascalledSoldiersPay.ItwouldnotberememberedtodayifitwerenotforFaulknerslaterwork.ThesamecouldbesaidofFaulknersnextbook,Mosquitoes.Moneyfromthesebooksmadeitpossibleforhimtotra