典藏版参考文献 (46).docx

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1、大费曼总结，以理解为核心V3V2Vl简单说，费曼技巧的原理就是以教促学，能用自己的话向一个新手外行解释清楚学习的内谷。具体方法上，就是将学习内容进行分解，化整为零，逐个击破基础知识点（甚至需要进一步调查研究），然后简化提炼出核心内容，通过联想来打比方，最终实现真正理解。NeverForgetanIdeaAgainwithTheFeynmanTechniqueRichardFeynmanwasaNobel-prizewinningphysicist.Hetellsastoryofgoingintothemathematicsdepartmentandchallenginganyonetheret

2、oexplaintohimanyidea,nomatterhowdifficultorcomplicated,andaslongastheyusedsimpleteinology(nocomplicatedwordsortermshedidn,tunderstand),hewouldreachthesameconclusionsthattheydid.费曼小费曼费曼卡片：学习、思考的过程提炼-主要内容、结论及观点(5W2H)学习研究-进一步调查思考，主动学习-自己的总结ThisstoryisoftenbroughtuptoshowwhatagreatgeniusRichardFeynmanwa

3、s.Butinreality,anyonecandothistechnique,andmgoingtoshowyouhow.YoucanusetheFeynmanTechniqueto:1. Understandideasthatyoudon,treally“get”.2. Torememberideasthatyoucanunderstand,butforgetontests.3. Asareallyefficientwayofstudyingbeforeanexam.Manystudentsspendhoursinthelibrarytolousyresults.Youcanusethis

4、techniquetodeeplyunderstandanideain20minutes,thatwillstickwithyouforyears.1.et,swalkthroughtheFeynmantechnique,soyoucanuseitinyourownstudiestoIeambetter.StepOne:ChooseYourConceptThefirststepistochoosetheconceptyouwanttounderstand.Takeablankpieceofpaperandwritethenameofthatconceptatthetopofthepage.费曼

5、技巧第一步：确定学习的目标StepTwo:PretendYou,reTeachingtheIdeatoaNewStudentThesecondstepistowriteoutanexplanation,asifyouwereteachingittosomeonewhodidntunderstandthesubject.Thisiscrucialbecauseinexplainingtoyourselftheideasyoualreadyunderstand,aswellastheonesyoudon,t,yougainabetterunderstandingandpinpointexactly

6、thedetailsyoudon,tunderstand.以教促学：写出自己的理解向自己别人解释（自己并不理解的）内容，帮助自己发现自己没有真正理解的知识费曼，是学习者自我检验的唯一标准。实践是检验真理的唯一标准，费曼是检验学习的唯一标准。StepThree:WheneverYouGetStuck,GoBacktotheBookWheneveryougetstuck,gobacktothereferencematerials,lecturesorateacherassistantandre-readorre-learnthematerialuntilyoudogetitenoughthatyo

7、ucanexplainitonthepaper.任务分解：将目标内容分解为一个个基础知识点将基础知识点，挨个过一遍遇到自己不理解的基础知识点，逐个击破：重复学习，再读一遍，去网上搜素，再学习一遍。知道自己掌握这个点。通过主动的方式，彻底解决这个知识点。StepFour:SimplifyandCreateAnalogiesWhereveryoucreateawordyorconfusingexplanation,trytoeithersimplifythelanguage,orcreateananalogytounderstanditbetter.总结：合并内容，简化内容，打个比方合并：将已经理

8、解的基础知识点合并简化：makeitsimple打比方：能举栗子、打比方，才是真正理解。You,llnoticeIdidbothoftheseinthisquickdemonstration.Isimplifiedthelanguageoftorque,toexplainitintermsoftwisting.Second,Iwasabletodescribeitthroughanalogy,bytakingthetorquevectoranddescribingitasacorkscrewmotion,tighteningwithrightorlooseningwithleft.Herear

9、esomeexamplesofthistechniquethatIusedinanactualclass,learningphysics:.Scotthyoungmit801-notes.DdfYoucanusethistechniqueforunderstandingmathematicalortechnicalclasses,carefullywalkingthroughthestepsandexplainingittoyourselfButyoucanalsousethistechniqueinnon-technicalclassestounderstandbigideas,oreven

10、toputtogetheralargeamountoffactsinthesameplace,soyoucanunderstandthemincontext.Howcanyouusethistechnique?Ifyou,retryingtounderstandanidea,youcanwalkthroughthistechniqueVeryslowlytopinpointexactlywhatyoudon,tunderstand,soyoucangotothetextbook,lecturenotesorateacherandfigureoutexactlywhatdetailyou,rem

11、issing.Ifyouretryingtorememberanideaforatest,youcanfocusoncreatingbetteranalogiesorsimplifythewordsevenmoretounderstanditmorevividly.Finally,ifyouwanttousethistechniquetostudyfortests,gothroughthetechniquewithoutlookingatyourreferencematerials.ThafsareallygoodwaytoSelRteSLtoseeifyouunderstandtheidea

12、sdeeply.Becauseifyoucangothroughandexplainthematerial,withoutlookingbackatyourtextbook,thatmeansyoureallyunderstandtheideas.Gousethistechniquerightnow!Takeoutablankpieceofpaperandgothroughthetechniqueonanideayou,recurrentlylearning.Itwillonlytaketwentyminutes,butifyougetinthehabit,itisanexcellentwaytoIeamideasbetter.