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1、学位英语考试辅导语法精讲与样题分析 根据考试大纲的要求,考生应认知3500个单词,并熟练掌握其中的1800个单词及其基本的搭配。 主要涉及到名词、动词、动词短语、形容词、副词的近义词、同义词、近形词之间的辨析,词的搭配及惯用法。 根据考试大纲的要求,考生应掌握基本的英语语法知识,并能在听、说、读、写、译中较正确地加以应用。 语法结构部分主要涉及到从句、不定式、分词、动名词、虚拟语气等基本语法结构。 :主要考查语言、词汇、习语和语法方面的系统知识。特点:一题多个考点,对综合能力提出更高的要求。 : 选择题和完型题15个小题,包括语法和词汇。 语法精讲与样题分析语法精讲与样题分析 一、特殊句式一、
2、特殊句式 二、名词性从句二、名词性从句 三、定语从句三、定语从句 四、状语从句四、状语从句 一、特殊句式一、特殊句式 (一)强调句、倒装句(一)强调句、倒装句 (二)命题趋势与复习策略(二)命题趋势与复习策略 强调句和倒装句强调句和倒装句 (一)考点聚焦:(一)考点聚焦:焦点焦点1 强调句强调句 1、基本句型:、基本句型: It is/was+被强调部分被强调部分+that/who/whom+其它成分其它成分 53. It was not until she had arrived home _ remembered her appointment with the doctor. (test
3、 1) A. when she B. that she C. and she D. she B2、强调谓语、强调谓语 It is/was+that结构不能强调谓语,如需要强结构不能强调谓语,如需要强调谓语时,用助动词调谓语时,用助动词do、does或或did. 焦点焦点2 倒装句倒装句 1、完全倒装、完全倒装 用于用于“here (there, now, then” +不及物动不及物动词词+主语的句型,或以主语的句型,或以out, in, up, down, away等副词开头的句型,如:等副词开头的句型,如: Look! Here comes the bus. So, nor, neithe
4、r开头的句子,表示前面所开头的句子,表示前面所的情况也适用于另一人或物,前后句的时的情况也适用于另一人或物,前后句的时态、形式应保持一致。态、形式应保持一致。 2、部分倒装、部分倒装 1 1)否定副词如)否定副词如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly,以及含有以及含有no, not的短语放在的短语放在句首时,句子须部分倒装。句首时,句子须部分倒装。 52. Hardly ever _ get a good job these days without a good education. (test 2)A. people might B. people
5、canC. do people D. have people53. Nowhere else in the world _ more attractive scenery than in Switzerland. (test 2)A. you can find B. is foundC. can you find D. has been foundcc 2)以否定词开头的关联结构)以否定词开头的关联结构: No sooner than, Hardly/scarcelywhen, Not onlybut also 48. In no circumstance _. (test 4)A. smok
6、ing should be allowed on the campusB. should smoking be allowed on the campus C. should smoking allowed on the campus D. should smoking allow on the campusb55. Not only are cars involved in most of the traffic accidents, but they also _ to the pollution of the air. (test 5)A. contributes B. promoteC
7、. refer D. mattera 3)当)当only置于句首时修饰状语时,句子置于句首时修饰状语时,句子要部分倒装,如:要部分倒装,如:Only in this way can we learn English well. 4)由)由as/though引导的让步状语从句,从引导的让步状语从句,从句形成倒装,如:句形成倒装,如: Child as he was, he could speak five languages.Hard as you work, you cant support your family.Try as you do, you will ever win. 二)命题趋
8、势及复习策略二)命题趋势及复习策略 1、加大知识类题目的结构复杂程度和句、加大知识类题目的结构复杂程度和句意理解难度,注重考查知识之间相互交叉意理解难度,注重考查知识之间相互交叉的现象,加强了综合考查语法知识的力度。的现象,加强了综合考查语法知识的力度。复习策略复习策略 1、加强语法专项练习,尤其是强调和倒、加强语法专项练习,尤其是强调和倒装两部分,一定要反复练习,确保记忆的装两部分,一定要反复练习,确保记忆的准确和全面。准确和全面。 2、不可对语法条目进行单纯的机械记忆,、不可对语法条目进行单纯的机械记忆,理解才是学好语法的关键,尤其是在知识理解才是学好语法的关键,尤其是在知识之间出现交叉的
9、地方,更要注重理解,认之间出现交叉的地方,更要注重理解,认真对照,找出差异,以求举一反三,融会真对照,找出差异,以求举一反三,融会贯通。贯通。 二、名词性从句(一)名词性从句的关联词及样题分析(二)命题趋势和复习策略3类。 that, whether, if that:没有具体意义,除在宾语从句:没有具体意义,除在宾语从句中可省略外,在主语从句、表语从中可省略外,在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不能省略。句和同位语从句中不能省略。 whether and if:引导主语从句:引导主语从句、表表语从句和同位语从句用语从句和同位语从句用whether, 引引导宾语从句两者皆可,但从句中如导宾语从
10、句两者皆可,但从句中如有有or时,常用时,常用whether。如:。如:55. They claim that _ 1,000 factories closed down during economic crisis. (Test 4) A. sufficiently B. approximately C. considerably D. properlyb57. I leave it to your own judgment _ you should do it. (直通车模拟自测15) A. that B. which C. whether D. whatcwho, whom, whose
11、, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever 注意:注意: 1)从句必须用陈述句的语序;从句必须用陈述句的语序; 2)若连接代词在从句中作主语,可)若连接代词在从句中作主语,可用疑问句的语序;用疑问句的语序; 3)what表示表示“所所的的”时,相当时,相当于先行词加关系代词。于先行词加关系代词。如:如: 48. Although Mary is satisfied with her success, she wonders_ will happen to her private live. (Test 1) A. how B. w
12、ho C. what D. that52. Im very grateful to you for what youve given me and _ you have done for me. (Test 1) A. which B. that C. all what D. all thatcd53. _ is no reason for dismissing him. (Test 4) A. Because he was a few minutes B. Owing to a few minutes being late C. The fact that he was a few minu
13、tes late D. Being a few minutes latec 注意:注意: 1)从句必须用陈述句的语序;从句必须用陈述句的语序; 2)引导同位语从句的连接副词不能)引导同位语从句的连接副词不能省略,如:省略,如:I have no idea when / how he will come back.特别注意:特别注意: 1、wh-ever 与与 no matter wh- wh-everwh-ever既可引导名词性从句,又可引导让既可引导名词性从句,又可引导让步状语从句步状语从句;而;而no matter wh-只能引导让只能引导让步状语从句,如:步状语从句,如:He would
14、 believe whatever I said. 51. Hes determined to finish the job _ long it takes. (Test 2) A. no matter B. however C. wherever D. whatever B特别注意:特别注意: 2、“wh-ever 与与 no matter wh-”引起的让步从句可以互换,如:引起的让步从句可以互换,如:No matter what happened, he would not mind.Whatever happened, he would not mind.No matter who y
15、ou are, you must keep the law.Whoever you are, you must keep the law. 二)命题趋势和复习策略二)命题趋势和复习策略 1、名词性从句与强调句型和其它从句融、名词性从句与强调句型和其它从句融合起来进行综合考查,即考查了学生基本合起来进行综合考查,即考查了学生基本知识的掌握运用能力,又考查了考生分析知识的掌握运用能力,又考查了考生分析句式结构,辨析从句的能力。句式结构,辨析从句的能力。 2、wh-词语与词语与wh-ever词语的比较考查仍词语的比较考查仍是命题的热点。是命题的热点。 3、名词性从句的糅合考查与名词从句同、名词性从句
16、的糅合考查与名词从句同其它从句的辨析考查。如:其它从句的辨析考查。如:however与与no matter how等之类的辨析也是命题者的关等之类的辨析也是命题者的关注点。注点。 复习策略复习策略 1、掌握基础,分清什么是主语从句、表、掌握基础,分清什么是主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句以及同位语从句。语从句、宾语从句以及同位语从句。 2、在比较中学习,掌握不同引导词用法。、在比较中学习,掌握不同引导词用法。 3、掌握名词性从句并熟悉、掌握名词性从句并熟悉it的用法。的用法。 三、定语从句三、定语从句1、常用关系词及用法、常用关系词及用法2、限制性和非限制性定语从句、限制性和非限制性定语从句(一)考点聚焦:(一)考点聚焦:看看考什么看看考什么(二)命题趋势与复习策略(二)命题趋势与复习策略3、定语从句的难点、定语从句的难点焦点焦点1:常用关系词及用法:常用关系词及用法关系代词/副词先行词在从句中的作用who指人作主语whom指人作宾语(可略)whose指人或物作定语that指人或物作主语/宾语which指物作主语/宾语when=in/at/on +which表示时间的名词 作时间状语whe