宏观经济学ch01.ppt

上传人:王** 文档编号:180527 上传时间:2023-03-24 格式:PPT 页数:32 大小:753.50KB
下载 相关 举报
宏观经济学ch01.ppt_第1页
第1页 / 共32页
宏观经济学ch01.ppt_第2页
第2页 / 共32页
宏观经济学ch01.ppt_第3页
第3页 / 共32页
宏观经济学ch01.ppt_第4页
第4页 / 共32页
宏观经济学ch01.ppt_第5页
第5页 / 共32页
宏观经济学ch01.ppt_第6页
第6页 / 共32页
宏观经济学ch01.ppt_第7页
第7页 / 共32页
宏观经济学ch01.ppt_第8页
第8页 / 共32页
宏观经济学ch01.ppt_第9页
第9页 / 共32页
宏观经济学ch01.ppt_第10页
第10页 / 共32页
亲,该文档总共32页,到这儿已超出免费预览范围,如果喜欢就下载吧!
资源描述

《宏观经济学ch01.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《宏观经济学ch01.ppt(32页珍藏版)》请在优知文库上搜索。

1、slide 0This chapter introduces you tothe issues macroeconomists studythe tools macroeconomists usesome important concepts in macroeconomic analysisslide 1Why does the cost of living keep rising?Why are millions of people unemployed, even when the economy is booming?Why are there recessions? Can the

2、government do anything to combat recessions? Should it?slide 2What is the government budget deficit? How does it affect the economy?Why does the U.S. have such a huge trade deficit? Why are so many countries poor? What policies might help them grow out of poverty?slide 33,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,00

3、09,00010,0001970197519801985199019952000long-run upward trendslide 43,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,0009,00010,0001970197519801985199019952000Recessionslongest economic expansion on recordslide 51.The macroeconomy affects societys well-being.example: Unemployment and social problemsslide 6Each one-point

4、increase in the unemployment rate is associated with: 920 more suicides 650 more homicides 4000 more people admitted to state mental institutions 3300 more people sent to state prisons 37,000 more deaths increases in domestic violence and homelessnessslide 71.The macroeconomy affects societys well-b

5、eing.example: Unemployment and social problems2.The macroeconomy affects your well-being.example 1: Unemployment and earnings growthexample 2:Interest rates and mortgage paymentsslide 8slide 9For a $150,000 30-year mortgage: $11,782$9816.84%Dec 2001$12,771$10647.65%Dec 2000annual paymentmonthly paym

6、entactual rate on 30-year mortgagedateslide 101.The macroeconomy affects societys well-being.example: Unemployment and social problems2.The macroeconomy affects your well-being.example 1: Unemployment and earnings growthexample 2:Interest rates and mortgage payments3.The macroeconomy affects politic

7、s & current events.example: Inflation and unemployment in election yearsslide 11year U rate inflation rate elec. outcome19767.7%5.8%Carter (D)19807.1%13.5%Reagan (R)19847.5%4.3%Reagan (R)19885.5%4.1%Bush I (R)19927.5%3.0%Clinton (D)19965.4%3.3%Clinton (D)20004.0%3.4%Bush II (R)slide 12are simplied v

8、ersions of a more complex reality irrelevant details are stripped awayUsed to show the relationships between economic variables explain the economys behavior devise policies to improve economic performanceslide 13explains the factors that determine the price of cars and the quantity sold.assumes the

9、 market is competitive: each buyer and seller is too small to affect the market priceVariables:Q d = quantity of cars that buyers demandQ s = quantity that producers supplyP = price of new carsY = aggregate incomePs = price of steel (an input)slide 14shows that the quantity of cars consumers demand

10、is related to the price of cars and aggregate income. demand equation: (,)dQD P Yslide 15General functional notation shows only that the variables are related:(,)dQD P YA list of the variables that affect Q dslide 16General functional notation shows only that the variables are related:(,)dQD P YA sp

11、ecific functional form shows the precise quantitative relationship:Examples:1) (,)60102dQD P YPY0.32) (,)dYQD P YPslide 17Q Quantity of carsP Price of carsDThe demand curve shows the relationship between quantity demanded and price, other things equal. demand equation: (,)dQD P Yslide 18Q Quantity o

12、f carsP Price of carsDsupply equation: (,)ssQS P PSThe supply curve shows the relationship between quantity supplied and price, other things equal. slide 19Q Quantity of carsP Price of carsSDequilibrium priceequilibriumquantityslide 20D2Q Quantity of carsP Price of carsSD1Q1P1An increase in income i

13、ncreases the quantity of cars consumers demand at each pricewhich increases the equilibrium price and quantity.P2Q2demand equation: (,)dQD P Yslide 21Q Quantity of carsP Price of carsS1DQ1P1An increase in Ps reduces the quantity of cars producers supply at each pricewhich increases the market price

14、and reduces the quantity.P2Q2S2supply equation: (,)ssQS P Pslide 22The values of endogenous variables are determined in the model.The values of exogenous variables are determined outside the model: the model takes their values & behavior as given.In the model of supply & demand for cars,endogenous:

15、, , dsPQQexogenous: , sYPslide 231.Write down demand and supply equations for wireless phones; include two exogenous variables in each equation. 2.Draw a supply-demand graph for wireless phones.3.Use your graph to show how a change in one of your exogenous variables affects the models endogenous var

16、iables. slide 24No one model can address all the issues we care about. For example, If we want to know how a fall in aggregate income affects new car prices, we can use the S/D model for new cars. But if we want to know why aggregate income falls, we need a different model. slide 25So we will learn different models for studying different issues (e.g. unemployment, inflation, long-run growth). For each new model, you should keep track of its assumptions, which of its variables are endogenous and

展开阅读全文
相关资源
猜你喜欢
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 经济/贸易/财会 > 经济学

copyright@ 2008-2023 yzwku网站版权所有

经营许可证编号:宁ICP备2022001189号-2

本站为文档C2C交易模式,即用户上传的文档直接被用户下载,本站只是中间服务平台,本站所有文档下载所得的收益归上传人(含作者)所有。装配图网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。若文档所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私,请立即通知装配图网,我们立即给予删除!