美国名人社会活动家和妇女运动领袖贝拉·艾布扎格.docx

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1、美国名人社会活动家和妇女运动领袖贝拉艾布扎格BellaAbzug,1920-1998:ActivistforWomen,sRightswasKnownforherLargeHatsandStrongOpinionsplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:30repeatByShelleyGollust2008-4-26VOICEONE:mRichKleinfeldt.VOICETWO:BellaAbzugAndImShirleyGriffithwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogramPEOPLEINAMERICA.Today,wetellaboutBe

2、llaAbzug.ShewasamemberoftheUnitedStatesCongressinthenineteenseventies.Shealsowasawell-knownactivistforcivilrightsandwomensrights.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:BellaAbzugwaswellknownformanyreasons.Shewasalawyerandactivist.SherepresentedNewYorkCityinCongress.Shespokeinaloudvoice.Andshealwaysworelargehats.MizAbzugsu

3、pportedwomensrightsandcivilrights.Shehadstrongopinionsonmanyissues.SheopposedtheAmericaninvolvementinthewarinVietnam.Shemadepublicheropinionsonmostimportantissues.Infact,shewascalledoneofthemostoutspokenmembersofCongress.BellaAbzugalsoactedonherbeliefs.Shewrotelegislationtopreventunfairtreatmentofwo

4、men.Shepresentedthefirstbillforequalrightsforhomosexuals.SheoftendenouncedthemajorityofthemembersofCongresswhowerewhitemales.ShesaidtheydidnotknowaboutthelivesandproblemsofmostpeopleinAmerica.VOICETWO:BellaAbzugdidknowaboutthelivesofcommonAmericans.ShewasbornBellaSavitskyintheBronxareaofNewYorkCityi

5、nnineteentwenty.HerparentshadcometotheUnitedStatesfromRussia.HerfatheroperatedafoodstorecalledTheLiveandLetLiveMeatMarket.Bellasaidsheknewfromtheageofeleventhatshewantedtobealawyer.Attheageoftwelve,shegaveherfirstpublicspeech.ItwasinanundergroundtrainstationinNewYork.VOICEONE:1.izAbzug7Presidentofth

6、eBellaAbzugLeadershipInstitute,speaksatHunterCollegewherehermotherattendedschoolBellaattendedHunterCollegeandColumbiaLawSchoolinNewYorkCity.ShemarriedMartinAbzuginnineteenforty-four.Hewasastockbrokerandwriter.Hehadnointerestinpolitics.Buthewashiswifesbestfriendandsupporter.Theyhadtwodaughters.BellaA

7、bzugbecamealawyerinthenineteenforties.Sherepresentedlaborunionworkers.Shealsorepresentedpeopleinvolvedincivilrightscases.Sheoftenworkedfornopaymentinthesecases.Inthenineteenfifties,sherepresentedpeopleaccusedofsubversiveactivitiesbySenatorJosephMcCarthy.VOICETWO:BellaAbzugbeganwearinglargehatswhensh

8、ewasayounglawyer.TherewereveryfewwomenlawyersinAmericathen.Shetoldthisstoryaboutwhyshebeganwearinghats:Workingwomenworehats.Itwastheonlywaytheywouldtakeyouseriously.AfterawhileIstartinglikingthem.WhenIgottoCongress,theymadeabigthingofit.Theydidnotwantmetowearahat.SoIdid.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Inthenineteen

9、sixties,BellaAbzugbecameananti-waractivist.Sheorganizedagroupofanti-warwomen,calledWomenStrikeforPeace.SheopposedAmericaninvolvementinthewarinVietnam.Andsheopposedtestingofnuclearweapons.SheleddemonstrationsinWashingtonagainstthewarandinsupportofabanagainstnuclearweapons.Shebecamealeaderofthemovemen

10、tagainstPresidentJohnsonbecauseofhisinvolvementinthewar.Intheearlynineteenseventies,MizAbzugalsobecamealeaderofthegrowingwomensrightsmovementthatwasspreadingacrossthecountry.ShehelpedformtheNationalWomensPoliticalCaucus.Inspeakingtothegroupinnineteenseventy-one,shedemandedequalrightsforwomeninallare

11、asofAmericanlife.(SOUND)VOICETWO:Innineteenseventy,BellaAbzugwaselectedtotheHouseofRepresentativesasaDemocratfromNewYorkCity.Shewasfiftyyearsold.ShewasthefirstJewishwomanelectedtoCongress.Hercampaignstatementwas:ThiswomanbelongsintheHouse.Shedidnotmeanherhouse.ShemeanttheHouseofRepresentatives.Atthe

12、time,therewereonlytenfemalemembersintheHouseofRepresentatives.DuringherfirstdayasamemberofCongress,MizAbzugintroducedaresolutioncallingforanimmediatewithdrawalofAmericantroopsfromVietnam.Theresolutionwasdefeated.1.aterinherterm,shetriedotherwaystoreachthatgoal.SheforcedtheadministrationofPresidentNi

13、xontosurrenderdocumentsabouttheVietnamWarthatwereknownasthePentagonPapers.ShealsowasthefirstmemberofCongresstocallforanimpeachmentinvestigationofPresidentNixon.VOICEONE:MizAbzugsupportedmanyprogramstohelpAmericanfamilies.Forexample,shewantednationalinsurancetohelppayforhealthcareforallAmericans.And,

14、shewantedthegovernmenttoestablishcenterstocareforyoungchildrenwhiletheirmothersworked.ShewantedtheseprogramspaidforwithmoneycutfromthebudgetoftheDefenseDepartment.ShedidnotsucceedingettingthislegislationpassedinCongress.Yetshekepttrying.VOICETWO:RepresentativeAbzugwasknownforherforcefulwayofexpressi

15、ngheropinions.YetHouseSpeakerThomasTipO1NeiIIchoseherasoneofhisassistants.ShehelpedwritetheFreedomofInformationandPrivacyActs.TheselawsrestrictedtherightoftheFederalBureauofInformationtowithholdinformation.MizAbzugservedintheHouseofRepresentativesforsixyears.Innineteenseventy-six,shegaveupherseatint

16、heHousetocampaignfortheDemocraticnominationforsenatorfromthestateofNewYork.Shelosttheelection.SheranunsuccessfullyformayorofNewYorkCity.ShealsolosttwomoreelectionsthatwouldhavereturnedhertotheHouseofRepresentatives.VOICEONE:Fortwentymoreyears,BellaAbzugcontinuedtoworkforwomensrights.Innineteenseventy-nine,PresidentCarterappointedhertheheadofaNationalAdvisoryCommitteeonWomen,anon-payingjob.Later,P