美国名人 玛莉·里昂.docx

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1、美国名人玛莉里昂MaryLyonplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-14:46repeatByVivianBournaian2004-1-24(THEME)ANNCR:WelcometoPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.Everyweekatthistime,wetellthestoryofsomeoneimportantinthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.Today,SteveEmberandShirleyGriffithtellaboutMaryLyon.Shewasaleaderinwomenseducatio

2、ninthenineteenthcentury.(THEME)VOICEONE:Duringthenineteenthcentury,womenseducationwasnotconsideredimportantintheUnitedStates.Supportersofadvancededucationforwomenfacedmanyproblems.Statesdidrequireeachtowntoprovideaschoolforchildren,butteachersoftenwerepoorlyprepared.Mostyoungwomenwerenotabletocontin

3、ueonwiththeireducationinprivateschools.IftheydidztheyoftenwerenottaughtmuchexcepttheFrenchlanguage,howtosewclothing,andmusic.MaryLyonfeltthatwomenseducationwasextremelyimportant.ThroughherlifelongworkforeducationshebecameoneofthemostfamouswomeninnineteenthcenturyAmerica.Shebelievedthatwomenwereteach

4、ersbothinthehomeandintheclassroom.AndzshebelievedthateffortstobettereducateyoungwomenalsoservedGod.Ifwomenwerebettereducated,shefelt,theycouldteachinlocalschoolsthroughouttheUnitedStatesandinforeigncountries.(MUSIC)MaryLyonwasborninBuckland,Massachusetts,inSeventeen-Ninety-Seven.Herfatherdiedwhenshe

5、wasfiveyearsold.ForMaryzhardworkwasawayoflife.Butshelaterrememberedwithgreatpleasureherchildhoodyearsinthehomewhereshewasborn.Thisishowshedescribedwhatshecouldseefromthathouseonahill:Thefar-offmountainsinalltheirgrandeur,andthedeepvalleys,andwidelyextendedplains,andmorethanall,thatlittlevillagebelow

6、zcontainingonlyaveryfewwhitehouses,butmorethanthoseyoungeyeshadeverseen.VOICEONE:Attheageoffour,Marybeganwalkingtothenearestschoolseveralkilometersaway.Later,shebeganspendingthreemonthsatatimewithfriendsandrelativessoshecouldattendotherareaschools.Shehelpedcleanandcooktopayforherstay.WhenMarywasthir

7、teen,hermotherre-marriedandmovedtoanothertown.Marywaslefttocareforherolderbrotherwhoworkedonthefamilyfarm.Hepaidheradollaraweek.Shesavedittopayforhereducation.Marysloveoflearningwassostrongthatsheworkedandsavedhersmallamountofpaysoshecouldgotoschoolforanotherfewmonths.Marybeganherfirstteachingjobata

8、one-roomlocalschoolteachingchildrenforthesummer.Shewasseventeenyearsold.Shewaspaidseventy-fivecentsaweek.Shealsowasgivenmealsandaplacetolive.MaryLyonwasnotaverysuccessfulteacheratfirst.Shedidnothavemuchcontroloverherstudents.Shealwayswasreadytolaughwiththem.Yetshesoonwontheirparentsrespectwithherski

9、lls.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:WhenMaryLyonwastwentyyearsoldzshebeganalongperiodofstudyandteaching.AnewprivateschoolopenedinthevillageofAshfield,Massachusetts.ItwascalledSandersonAcademy.Maryreallywantedtoattend.Shesoldbookcoveringsshehadmade.Andsheusedeverythingshehadsavedfromherpayasateacher.Thiswasenoughfor

10、hertobeginattendingSandersonAcademy.AtSandersonzMarybegantostudymoredifficultsubjects.Theseincludedscience,historyandLatin.AfriendwhowenttoschoolwithMarywroteofhergainingknowledgebyhandfuls.ItissaidthatMarymemorizedacompletebookabouttheLatinlanguageinthreedays.MarylaterwroteitwasatSandersonthatshere

11、ceivedthebaseofhereducation.VOICEONE:AfterayearatSandersonAcademy,Marydecidedthatherhandwritingwasnotgoodenoughtobereadclearly.Shewasatwenty-one-year-oldwoman.Butshewenttothelocalpublicschoolandsatamongthechildrensoshecouldlearnbetterwritingskills.InEighteen-Twenty-OnezMaryLyonwenttoanotherprivatesc

12、hoolwhereshewastaughtbyReverendJosephEmerson.Marysaidhetalkedtowomenasiftheyhadbrains.Shepraisedhisequaltreatmentofmenandwomenwhenitcametoeducatingthem.VOICETWO:ThreeyearsIaterzMaryLyonopenedaschoolforyoungwomeninthevillageofBuckland.ShecalledittheBucklandFemaleSeminary.Classeswereheldinaroomontheth

13、irdfloorofahouse.Marysstudentspraisedherteaching.Sheproposednewwaysofteaching,includingholdingdiscussiongroupswherestudentsexchangeideas.MarysaiditwaswhileteachingatBucklandthatshefirstthoughtoffoundingaprivateschoolopentodaughtersoffarmersandskilledworkers.Shewantededucation,notprofits,tobethemosti

14、mportantthingabouttheschool.Atthattime,schoolsofhigherlearningusuallyweresupportedbypeopleinterestedinprofitsfromtheirinvestment.VOICEONE:InEighteen-Twenty-EightzMarybecamesickwithtyphoidfever.Whenherhealthimproved,shedecidedtoleaveBuckland,theschoolshehadstarted.Shejoinedaclosefriend,ZilpahGrant,wh

15、ohadbegunanotherprivateschool,IpswichFemaleSeminary.AtIpswichzMarytaughtandwasresponsibleforone-hundred-thirtystudents.Itwasoneofthebestschoolsatthetime.Butitlackedfinancialsupport.Marysaidthelackofsupportwasbecauseofgoodmensfearofgreatnessinwomen,ZilpahGrantandMaryLyonurgedthatIpswichbeprovidedbuil

16、dingssothattheschoolmightbecomepermanent.However,theirappealfailed.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:MaryresignedfromIpswich.Shehelpedtoorganizeanotherprivateschoolforwomen,WheatonFemaleSeminaryinNorton,Massachusetts.ItopenedinEighteenThirty-Five.Shealsobegantoraisemoneyforherdreamofapermanent,non-profitschoolforthehighereducationofwomen.Thisschoolwouldownitsownproperty.Itwouldbeguidedbyanindependentgroupofdirector