美国名人 总统 富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福.docx

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1、美国名人总统富兰克林德拉诺罗斯福HappyDaysAreHereAgain:FDR,OneofAmericasGreatestPresidentsplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:39repeatByShelleyGollust2005-6-18(MUSIC)VOICEONE:mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.TodaywetellaboutoneofthegreatestAmericanpresidents,FranklinDelanoRoos

2、evelt.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:FranklinDelanoRooseveltwasoneofthemostinfluentialpresidentsinAmericanhistory.Hewaselectedpresidentfourtimes.Heservedmorethantwelveyears,longerthananyotherpresident.Heledthenationthroughitsworsteconomiccrisis,andthroughoneofitsworstwars.FranklinRooseveltwasfirstelectedpresidenti

3、nnineteenthirty-two.AstheDemocraticcandidate,hedefeatedPresidentHerbertHoover.Americansweresufferingthroughaterribleeconomicdepression.Abouttwenty-fivepercentofAmericanworkershadlosttheirjobs.Theyhadnomoney.Theyhadnohope.Theywaitedinlonglinestoreceivefreefood.Americansdidnotknowifthenewpresidentcoul

4、dendtheeconomiccrisis.VOICETWO:Thenewpresident,FranklinRoosevelt,wasfifty-oneyearsold.HisfamilynamewaswellknowntotheAmericanpublic.TheodoreRoosevelt,adistantrelation,hadbeenpresidentoftheUnitedStatesthirtyyearsbefore.FranklinDelanoRooseveltwasbornineighteeneighty-twotoarichandimportantfamilyinHydePa

5、rk,NewYork.HewastheonlychildofJamesandSaraRoosevelt.HismothertriedtocontrolFranklinslifeaslongasshelived.Hisfathermadesurehissonhadthebestofeverything.ButhealsotaughtFranklinthatbeingrichbroughtwithittheresponsibilityofhelpingpeoplewhowerenotsolucky.VOICEONE:FranklinmarriedEleanorRooseveltinnineteen

6、-oh-five.Theyweredistantrelations.Inthenextelevenyears,theyhadsixchildren.Innineteenten,MisterRooseveltwaselectedtotheNewYorkstatelegislature.Heshowedhehadgreatpoliticalskillsasastatesenator.HisnextjobwasinthefederalgovernmentasassistantsecretaryofthenavyunderPresidentWoodrowWilson.Theninnineteentwe

7、nty,hewastheDemocraticPartysunsuccessfulcandidateforvicepresident.VOICETWO:Innineteentwenty-one,FranklinRooseveltsufferedapersonaltragedy.Hewaswithhisfamilyattheirsummerhome.Hebeganfeelingverytired.Thenhefeltseverepaininhisbackandlegs.Hecouldnotmove.Forweeks,hewasforcedtolieonhisback.Hisdoctorsdisco

8、veredthathewasavictimofthedisablingdiseasepolio.Helosttheuseofhislegs.FranklinRooseveltwasthirty-nineyearsold.Hehadalwaysbeenanactivemanwholovedsports.Butnowhewouldneverwalkagainwithouthelp.VOICEONE:ManyAmericansthoughtthesicknesswouldendFranklinRooseveltspoliticaldreams.Buttheywerewrong.Heshowedani

9、nnerstrengththatpeoplerespected.HewaselectedgovernorofNewYorkstateinnineteentwenty-eightandre-electedtwoyearslater.FranklinRooseveltalwaysappearedstrongandfriendlyinpublic.Helovedtolaughandenjoylife.Buthisfriendlyfacehidastrongwill.Throughouthislife,MisterRooseveltworkedhardtoimprovelifeforthecommon

10、man.Hebelievedgovernmenthadthepowerandresponsibilitytoimprovethelivesofitscitizens.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Thatmusic,HappyDaysAreHereAgain/wasplayedduringFranklinRooseveltspresidentialcampaigninnineteenthirty-two.Alargemajorityofvotersdecidedthatmaybehecouldmakethatsongcometrue.OnInaugurationDayinnineteenth

11、irty-three,thenationwaitedtohearwhatthenewpresidentwouldsayabouttheeconomicfutureoftheircountry.Thisiswhathesaid:PRESIDENTROOSEVELT:Thisgreatnationwillendureasithasendured,willreviveandwillprosper.So,firstofall,letmeassertmyfirmbeliefthattheonlythingwehavetofearisfearitself.VOICEONE:PresidentRooseve

12、ltpromisedtoendtheDepression.HepromisedtoputAmericansbacktowork.Hesaidthefederalgovernmentwouldtakeanactivepartincreatingjobs.Duringthenextthreemonths,heledCongressinpassingmoremajornewprogramsthanthenationhadseenformanyyears.PresidentRooseveltcalledhisreformprogramTheNewDeal.Thesearesomeoftheprogra

13、mscreatedduringthistime:ANationalRecoveryAdministrationallowedcompaniestocooperatetoincreaseproduction.AWorksProgressAdministrationprovidedjobsforunemployedworkers.ACivilianConservationCorpsputyoungmentoworkprotectingthenationsnaturalresources.TheTennesseeValleyAuthoritybuiltdams,clearedrivers,expan

14、dedforestsandprovidedelectricityinthesoutheasternpartofthecountry.VOICETWO:Innineteenthirty-five,CongresspassedtwolawsthatwouldchangethelivesofworkingAmericansforyearstocome.TheNationalLaborRelationsActstrengthenedtherightsofworkersandgavemorepowertolaborunions.TheSocialSecurityActcreatedafederalsys

15、temtoprovidemoneyforworkersaftertheyretired.FranklinRooseveltbecameoneofthemostlovedandmosthatedpresidentsinthehistoryofthecountry.ThemajorityofAmericansbelievedhewastryingtosavethecountryandprotectcommonpeople.Opponentschargedhewasgivingthefederalgovernmenttoomuchpoweranddestroyingprivatebusinesses

16、.VOICEONE:FranklinRoosevelttriedtoestablishacloserelationshipwiththeAmericanpeople.Hebecameknownbythefirstlettersofhisfullname-FDR.HetalkedtotheAmericanpeoplebyradiotoexplainwhatactionswerebeingtakenandwhatheplannedforthefuture.Theseradiobroadcastshelpedhimgainwidespreadsupportforhisprograms.PresidentRooseveltranforre-electioninnineteenthirty-six.HedefeatedtheRepublicancandidateAlfredLandonbyo