美国名人 动物学家 戴安·弗西.docx

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1、美国名人动物学家戴安弗西DianFosseyplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-14:46repeatByGeorgeGrow2004-11-6November7,2004(THEME)VOICEONE:mSteveEmber.VOICETWO:AndmFaithLapiduswithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.TodaywetellaboutDianFossey.ShestudiedthewildmountaingorillasofcentralAfrica.Herworkresultedineffortstosavethesera

2、reandendangeredanimals.(THEME)VOICEONE:DianFosseywasborninnineteenthirty-twoinSanFranciscozCalifornia.Herparentsendedtheirmarriagewhenshewasyoung.Shestayedwithhermother,whomarriedanothermanashorttimelater.Diansaidshehadadifficultrelationshipwithbothhermotherandstepfather.Dianwasinterestedinanimalsal

3、lherlife.Shestartedmakingplanstobeaveterinarian,adoctorwhotreatsanimals.Afterhighschool,sheattendedSanJoseStateCollegeinCalifornia.There,shewassuccessfulinsomesubjects,butnotothers.Shechangedherprogramofstudytooccupationaltherapy.Occupationaltherapistshelpinjuredandsickpeoplelearntodotheirday-to-day

4、activitiesindependently.ShecompletedherstudiesatSanJoseStateinnineteenfifty-four.VOICETWO:DianFosseyleftCaliforniaandmovedtothestateofKentucky.SheacceptedapositionattheKosairCrippledChildrensHospitalinthecityofLouisville.Peopletheresaidshehadaspecialgiftofcommunicatingwithchildrenwithspecialneeds.Ye

5、tshealsohadadesiretoseemoreoftheworld.Throughfriends,shebecameinterestedinAfrica.ShereadabookaboutthewildmountaingorillasofcentralAfricawrittenbyAmericanzoologistGeorgeSchaller.Themountaingorillaisthelargestoftheworldsapes.VOICEONE:Fosseyborrowedmoneyandmadeasix-weektriptoAfricainnineteensixty-three

6、.ShevisitedacampoperatedbythefamousresearchscientistsLouisandMaryLeakey.TheLeakeyswerebestknownfortheirstudiesofthedevelopmentofhumanancestors.FosseymetwithLouisLeakeyanddiscussedtheimportanceofscientificresearchonthegreatapes.Shedecidedtostudymountaingorillas,whichwereindangerofdisappearing.Lateron

7、hertrip,shetraveledtothemountainsofRwanda.Thisiswhereshefirstsawmountaingorillas.VOICETWO:FosseyreturnedtotheUnitedStateswithadesiretoworkinAfrica.ShemetwithProfessorLeakeyasecondtimewhenhevisitedtheUnitedStatestogiveaseriesoftalks.Thistime,heaskedhertobeginalong-termstudyofthegorillas.Hesaidinforma

8、tionshecollectedmighthelptoshowhowhumanancestorsdeveloped.AgroupcalledtheWilkieFoundationagreedtosupportherresearch.TheWilkieFoundationalreadysupportedanotherresearcher,JaneGoodall,inherstudyofwildchimpanzees.Fosseyalsoreceivedhelpfromamajorscientificandeducationalorganization-theNationalGeographicS

9、ociety.VOICEONE:FosseyreturnedtocentralAfricainnineteensixty-six.ShespentashorttimeobservingJaneGoodall.ThenshebegansettingupherownresearchcampinwhatwasthenthecountryofZaire.Fosseysoughthelpfromthelocalnativepeoplewhoknewhowtofollowmountaingorillasinthewild.Ashorttimelater,politicalunrestforcedherto

10、movetonearbyRwanda.Shesettledinaprotectedareabetweentwomountains,KarisimbiandVisoke.There,sheestablishedtheKarisokeResearchCenter.Thiswouldbeherhomeformostofthenexteighteenyears.Muchofthattime,sheworkedalone.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:DianFosseyspentthousandsofhoursobservingmountaingorillas.Sheworkedhardtogain

11、acceptanceamongtheanimals.Todothis,shecopiedtheiractionsandsounds.Shestudiedthegorillasdailyanddevelopedanunderstandingofeachindividual.Manypeoplehadbelievedthatmountaingorillasarefierce.Fosseyfoundjusttheopposite.Shelearnedthatgorillasarebothgentleandintelligent.Theyusetheirstrengthmainlywhendefend

12、ingothermembersoftheirfamilyorgroup.VOICEONE:Innineteenseventy,theNationalGeographicSocietywantedtopublishastoryaboutFosseyandherresearch.ItsentaphotographernamedBobCampbelltoKarisoketotakepictures.HetookapictureofanadultmalegorillanamedPeanutstouchingFosseyshand.Thisbecamethefirstfriendlygorilla-to

13、-humanactioneverrecorded.ThepictureappearedonthefrontcoverofNationalGeographicmagazine.IthelpedtomakeFosseyandherworkfamous.TheAmericanresearcherwasabletositamongthegorillasandplaywiththemandtheiryoung.Shemadenotesofeverythingshesaw.Shetookacount,orcensus,ofthegorillapopulation.Shenotedwhattheanimal

14、sateandtheirenvironment.Fosseylearnedalotaboutthegorillas.Butitbecamedifficultforhertoremainanindependentobserver.Shebelievedthattheanimalswoulddisappearforeverunlesssomethingwasdonetoprotectthemandtheirenvironment.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:DianFosseyneededmoneytocontinueherresearchproject.Shebelievedthatshec

15、ouldgetmorefinancialassistanceforherworkbygettinganadvanceddegree.SheleftAfricainnineteenseventyandattendedtheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland.Shereceivedadoctorateinzoologyafewyearslater.FosseyreturnedtoRwandatofindthathunterswerekillingsomeofwhatshecalledhergorillas.Thehuntersearnedmoneybysellingthe

16、heads,handsandfeetoftheanimals.AmongthegorillaskilledwasonecalledDigit.FosseyhadobservedDigitformanyyearsandtreatedhimalmostlikeafriend.Hisremainswereplacedwiththoseofotherdeadgorillasinaspecialburialareanearhercamp.VOICEONE:AfterDigitwaskilled,Fosseyestablishedaprogramtoincreaseinternationalsupportforeffortstoprotectmountaingorillas.ItwascalledtheDigitFund.Fosseyalsobegananactivecampaigntostopthe