2021redhat linux安装教程手册.docx

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1、redhatIinux安装教程手册1 redhatIinux:开源免费IinUX分支:redhat红帽centos红旗opensusedebianubuntu服务器操作系统：重要安全：Iinuxunix(AIXSolarishp-ux)不太重要：windowsserver2003server2008(最常用)server20122 现在：rhel:redhatenterpriseIinux最新7.0早期:redhat8.0redhat9.03安装RedHatEnterpriseLinux664位-VMwar文件(F)辐(E)M(V)左拟机(M)选项卡(T)帮助（三）A9BJBK主页RedHat

2、EnterpriseLinux一1.5jRedHatEnterpriseLinux664位A开启此翻机印第虎拟机设置设备内存800MB口处理器2二硬盘（SCSD30GBCDDVD(SATA)正在使用文件G:.险网络适配器侬模式（且加QUSB控制器由A卡自动检测品打印机曲粤显示器目S描述在此处健入对该虚拟机的病述.UeIcoreetoRedHatEnterpriseLinux6.2，Qnsta11orupgradeanexistingsystemInsia11SyStemwithbasicuideodriuerRescueinstalledSySte-BootfronlocaldriueMeno

3、rtestPressETabltoeditoptionsAutomaticbootin41seconds.REDHArENTERPRISELINUXe6CopyrigncP2003-20RseHaLnc.andMMen.AlfightsrereLWelcometoRedHatEnterpriseLinuxforx86_64DiscFound To begin testingthe media beforeinsta1Iation press OK.Choose Skip to skip the media test and start the insta1Iation. between ele

4、ments I selects I next screenStorageDeviceWarningThestoragedevicebelowmaycontaindata.VMwarerVMwareVirtualSJ三30720.0MBpci-0000:00:10.0-scsi-0:0:0:0Wecouldnotdetectpartitionsorfilesystemsonthisdevice.Thiscouldbebecausethedeviceisblank,unpartitioned,orvirtual.Ifnot,theremaybedataonthedevicethatcannotbe

5、recoveredifyouuseitinthisinstallation.Wecanremovethedevicefromthisinstallationtoprotectthedata.Areyousurethisdevicedoesnotcontainvaluabledata?gApplymychoicetoalldeviceswithundetectedpartitionsOrfilesystemsYfes,discardanydataINo,keepanydataPleaseselectthenearestcityinyourtimezone:SeleCtedcity:Shangha

6、i.ASia(eastChinj-Beijing,Guangdong,Shanghai,etc.)Asia/Shanghai0要将掩人定向到此虚拟机.OBasicServerODatabaseServerOWebServerOIdentityManagementServerOVirtUaliZationHOStDesktopOSoftwareDevelopmentWorkstationOMinimalPleaseselectanyadditionalrepositoriesthatyouwanttouseforsoftwareinstallation.OHighAvailabilityLoad

7、BalancerRedHatEnterPriSeLinuxCI.”一_AsAddadditionalsoftwarerepositories囹ModifyrepositoryYbucanfurthercustomizethesoftwareselectionnow,orafterinstallviathesoftwaremanagementapplication.CustomizelaterOCustomizenow安装完从之后，使用root账号登陆操作系统4常用快捷键：Ctrl+shift+放大字体Ctrl+-缩小字体pwd显示当前所处的目录路径/根表示整个大硬盘类似WindoWS我的电脑(

8、计算机)cd(changedirectory)进入某些文件夹(目录)例如：进入根下面的etc目录I1.,317八3，root0xg/#cd/etc/root(3xgetc#pwd/etcroot(3xgetc#Is(list)列出当前目录里面有哪些文件或者文件夹用户后面总会显示当前光标所在的目录root(3xgDesktop#cdvarIrootxgvar#root(3xgvar#root(3xgIvarll#IsaccountcvsgameslocalmailpreservempcachedbIlockniscrashemptyliblogoptroot(3xgvar#CdlyPlrootx

9、gyp#root(3xgyp#rootxgyp#pwdvaryprootxgyp#root(axgpyp|#runspoolypmkdiraa新建文件夹aatouch11新建文件11root(9xgDesktop#IsrootxgDesktop#mkdiraarootxgDesktop#IsaarootxgDesktop#touch11root(3xgDesktop#Is11aaroot(3xgDesktop#rm33-fr强力删除33文件rm:remove-fr参数强力删除不提示（f:forcer:递归）一般删除会接这两个参数LruungxyuebLUlJJ升root(3xgDesktop#

10、Is11aaroot(3xgDesktop#root(QxgDesktop#root(3xgDesktop#cdaaroot(3xgaa#Isrootxgaa#mkdirbbrootxgaa#root(3xgaa#rootxgaa#Isbbroot(3xgaa#cdbbroot(3xgbb#pwdrootDesktopaabbroot(3xgbb#Isrootxgbb#touch33rootxgbb#Is33root(3xgbb#rm33-frI5复制剪切删除移动重命名编辑文档退出到上一级目录(类似与返回)删除：rmXX-frrm(remove)返回:Cd.返回上一级目录cd(changedi

11、rectory)复制：cp11aa将11文件复制到aa文件夹cp(copy)剪切：mv11aa将11剪切至aamv(move)重命名：mv1112将11重命名成12.:表示上一级目录.:表示当前目录编辑12文件：Vi12按i(insert)插入helloword!shift+zz保存并退出查看12文件的内容：cat126查看文件大小查看已经登陆的用户du-h12查看12文件的大小whow查看当前登录的账号7设置ip地址链接网络SSh登陆ifconfig查看当前的iP地址将图形化界面的网络管理去除，并且使其开机不启动1.*yn*-*广,OK rootxgDesktop#etcinit.dNetw

12、orkManagerstopStoppingNetworkManagerdaemon:rootxgDesktop#chkconfigNetworkManageroffchkconfigxxoff使某服务开机不启动chkconfigxxxon使某服务开机启动临时设置ip地址：192.168.31.44rootxgDesktop#root0xgDesktop#Ifconfigeth192.168.31.44netmask255.255.255.root(3xgDesktop#*zz+CzCCr*Lz+zr1”永久设置ip地址信息setupditViewSearchTerminalHelpServe

13、rCancelrootxgShuttingShuttingBringingroot(9xgroottaDesktop#etcnt.dnetworkrestartdowninterfaceeth0:downloopbackinterface:uploopbackinterface:Desktop#Desktool#etheth0192.168.31.44255.255.255.192.168.31.1192.168.31.18.8.8.8NameDeviceUseDHCPStaticIPNetmask需要重启网络服务器才可以使得配置的ip信息生效NetworkConfigurationDefauLtgatewayIPPrimaryDNSServerSecondaryDNSooo修改配置文件rootxgDesktop#cdetcsysconfignetwork-scripts/rootxgnetwork-scrlpts#Isifcfg-eth0ifcfg-loifdownifdown-bnepifdown-ethifdown-ipppifdown-ipv6ifdown-postifdown-pppifdown-routesifdown-sitifdown-tunnelifupifup-aliasesifup-ethifup-ipppifup-ipv6ifup-isdnifup-pli