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1、CHAPTER8MANAGINGCHANGEANDINNOVATION1.EARNINGOUCOMESAfterreadingthischapter,studentsshouldbeableto:8-1.Defineorganizationalchangeandcompareandcontrastviewsonthechangeprocess.8-2.Explainhowtomanageresistancetochange.8-3.Describewhatmanagersneedtoknowaboutemployeestress.8-4.Discusstechniquesforstimulat
2、inginnovation.ManagementMythMyth:Theresnothingmanagerscandotoreducethestressinherentintoday,sjobs.Truth:Astutemanagersareredesigningjobs,realigningschedules,andin11xlucingemployeeassistanceprogramstohelpemployeescope.achingTips:Inthischapter,studentswillexploretheconceptofstressandhowitcanbebothapos
3、itiveandnegativeforceforindividuals.Asanintroduction,itmaybeusefultoaskstudentsthefollowing:1. Havetheyeverexperiencedalotofworkrelatedstress?Didtheyfeelitnegativelyaffectedtheirbehaviorawayfromwork?Oreventheirhealth?2. Aretherecaseswherestresscanbepositive,pushingpeopletomeetimportantdeadlinesortoa
4、ttainadifficultgoal?WHTISCHANGEANDHOWDOMANAGERSDEA1.WITHIT?A. Introduction1. ThechapteropenswiththeexampleofEli1.illysCEOJohn1.cchIcitcra) Bytheendof2016.Eli1.illywaslosing$10billiononotherdrugsnolongerunderpatentprotection.b) Eli1.illywillfaceadauntingtaskofmakingchangesinthecompany.2. Organization
5、alchangeisanalterationofanorganizationsenvironment,structure,technology,orpeople.3. Ifitwerentforchange,themanagersjobwouldbeeasy.a) Planningwouldbesimplified.b) Theissueoforganizationdesignwouldbesolved.c) Decisionmakingwouldbedramaticallysimplified.4. Changeisanorganizationalreality.a) Handlingcha
6、ngeisanintegralpartofever),managersjob.b) Amanagercanchangethreethings.(SeeExhibit81.)(1) Changingstructureincludesanyalterationinanyauthorityrelationships,coordinationmechanisms,degreeofCentraIizationJobdesign,orsimilarorganizationstnctrevariables.(2) Changingtechnologyencompassesmodificationinthew
7、ayworkisprocessedorthenetlxlsandCqUiPmenIused.(3) Changesinpeoplerefertochangesinemployeeattitudes,ex)ectations.perceptions,orlehaviors.B. WhydoOrganizationsNeedtoChange?1. WhaiExternalForcesCreateaNeedforChange?a)Theycomefromvarioussources.(1) Themarketplace.(2) Governmenllawsandregulations.(3) Tec
8、hnology.(4) 1.abormarkets.(5) Economics.2. WhaiInternalForcesCreateaNeedforChange?a) Internalforcestendtooriginateprimarilyfromtheinternaloperationsoftheorganizationorfromtheimpactofexternalchanges.b) Whenmanagementredefinesormodifiesitsstrategy,itoftenintroducesahostofchanges.c) Anotherinternalforc
9、eibrchangeisthatthecompositionofanorganizationsworkforcechangesintermsofage.education,gender,nationality,andsoforth.d) Anorganizationsworkforceisrarelystatic;itscompositionchanges.e) Thecompensationandbenefitssystemsmightalsoneed(obereworkedtoreecltheneedsofadiverseworkforceandmarketforcesinwhichcer
10、tainskillsareinshortsupply.0Employeealliludes,suchasincreasedjobdialisfaction,mayleadtoincreasedabscnleeism,resignations,andevenstrikes.C. WhoinitiatesOrganizationalChange?1. Changeswithinanorganizationneedacatalyst.2. Peoplewhoaclascatalysisandassumetheresponsibilityformanagingthechangeprzensothatitcanbesustainedoverlime.(1) Unlessthisisdone,thereisastrongc
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