美国名人记者爱德华·默罗.docx

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1、美国名人记者爱德华默罗EdwardR.Murrow,1908-1965:TheFamousRadioandTelevisionReporterHelpedCreateModernNewsBroadcastingplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:13repeatByGeorgeGrow2008-5-24VOICEONE:mFaithLapidus.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwithPEOPLEINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.Today,wetellthestoryofEdwardR.Murrow,afamousradioan

2、dtelevisionbroadcaster.Hehelpedcreateanddevelopmodernnewsbroadcasting.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:EdwardR.MurrowEgbertRoscoeMurrowwasborninnineteen-oh-eightinthestateofNorthCarolina.HisparentslivedonafarminanareacalledPolecatCreek.TheMurrowsweremembersoftheQuakers,areligiousgroupknownforitshumanitarianactivitie

3、sandoppositiontowar.WhenhewasaboytheMurrowfamilymovedacrossthecountry.TheysettledinthewesternstateofWashington,neartheborderwithCanada.VOICETWO:Incollege,EgbertMurrowchangedhisnametoEdward.HecompletedhiscollegeeducationatWashingtonStateCollegeinnineteenthirty.Edwardwasactiveincollegepolitics.Heserve

4、daspresidentoftheNationalStudentFederation.Heorganizeddebatesandothereventsforthestudentorganization.HealsotraveledthroughouttheUnitedStatesandEurope.EdMurrowjoinedtheInstituteofInternationalEducationinnineteenthirty-two.Heservedasassistantdirectorofthegroup.Duringthisperiod,hemarriedayoungwomanheha

5、dmetatastudentconference.HernamewasJanetBrewster.Theylaterhadonechild,ason.VOICEONE:EdwardR.MurrowacceptedajobwiththeColumbiaBroadcastingSysteminnineteenthirty-five.HisjobwastogetfamouspeopletospeakonCBSradioprograms.Twoyearslater,MurrowwasnameddirectoroftheCBSEuropeanofficeandmovedtoLondon,England.

6、HisjobwastogetEuropeanofficialsandexpertstoprovidecommentsforCBSbroadcasts.Murrowwastwenty-nineyearsoldandthecompanysonlyrepresentativeinEurope.VOICETWO:ThesituationinEuropewasbecomingtense.AdolfHitlerandhisNazipartyhadcometopowerinGermany.Upuntilthattime,radionewsintheUnitedStateswasmostlyopinions,

7、orcommentary.CBSofficialswereconcernedaboutpermittingnewsbroadcastsbyreporters.MurrowofferedajobtoWilliamL.Shirer,anewspaperreporter.Thetwomenwantedtodosomethingdifferent.Theywantedtopresentradioreportsaboutwhattheyhadseenandheard.InMarch,nineteenthirty-eight,thetwomenmaderadiobroadcastinghistory.Th

8、eyproducedathirty-minutebroadcasttoreportontheseizureofAustriabyNaziGermany.ThatmeantgettingpeopleinBerlinandotherEuropeancapitalstocommentonthenewsstory.MurrowtraveledtoViennatoreportonNaziforcesenteringtheAustriancapital.ThebroadcastalsoincludedreportsfromLondon,Berlin,Paris,FranceandRome,Italy.It

9、wasahugesuccess.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:MurrowreturnedtoLondonandcontinuedhisbroadcastsasWorldWarTwostarted.Heopenedthereportswiththewords,ThisisLondon.Murrowwasanexcellentreporterwhochosehiswordswithgreatskill.HisreportsseemedtobringthewarhometoAmericans.Forexample,hedescribedtheBattleofBritainashesawandex

10、periencedit.Insomeofhisreports,listenerscouldhearthesoundofbombexplosionsorairraidwarnings.Once,Murrowbroadcastfromthetopofabuildinganddescribedwhathesaw.HereispartofonereportfromAugustthirty-first,nineteenthirty-nine.MurrowdescribesplansbyBritishofficialstomovechildrenawayfromcoastalareas:EDWARDR.M

11、URROW:Schoolchildrenwillbetakenbytheirteacherstohomesinsaferdistrictswheretheywillbehousedbypeoplewhohavealreadyofferedtoreceivethemandlookafterthem.Allparentsofschoolchildrenarestronglyurgedtolettheirchildrengo.Parentswillbetoldwheretheirchildrenareassoonastheyreachtheirnewhomes.VOICETWO:Murroworga

12、nizedateamofreporterswhosenameswouldbecomewellknowntoAmericanlisteners.TheyincludedCharlesCollingwood,RobertTroutzEricSevereid,andHowardK.Smith.Theteamhadelevenmembers.TheywerecalledtheMurrowboys.TheyreportednewsfromthemajorEuropeancapitals.TheirreportswereheardontheCBSradioprogramWorldNewsRoundup.T

13、hesemenestablishedthetraditionsofbroadcastjournalism.Mostofthereportershadworkedfornewspapersormagazines.Theyhadlearnedtoworkquicklyandclearly,muchneededqualitiesinradio.TheMurrowboysweretohaveapowerfuleffectonAmericanbroadcastingforyearstocome.EdwardR.Murrowtookhislistenersplacestheyhadneverbeen.He

14、letthemexperiencethingstheycouldnotimagine.Forexample,afterWorldWarTwo,hewasamongthefirstAlliedreporterstovisittheBuchenwaldprisoncampoperatedbytheNazisinGermanyduringthewar.Thisishowhedescribedtheprisonersthere:EDWARDR.MURROW:Aswewalkedintothecourtyard,amanfelldead.Twoothers,theymusthavebeenoversix

15、ty,werecrawlingtowardthelatrine.Isawit,butwillnotdescribeit.Inanotherpartofthecamp,theyshowedmethechildren,hundredsofthem.Somewereonlysix.Onerolleduphissleeveandshowedmehisnumber.Itwastattooedonhisarm.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:MurrowwasfamouswhenhereturnedhometotheUnitedStatesafterthewar.HisworkinEuropeguaran

16、teedhimaplaceinthehistoryofnewsreporting.HewasappointedvicepresidentofNewsatCBSinnineteenforty-six.However,heresignedfromthepositionthefollowingyearandreturnedtobroadcasting.Murrowrecordedaseriesofrecordalbumswithaproducer,FredFriendly.TheserieswascalledICanHearItNow.Theseprogramspresentedhistoricaleventsthroughrecordingsofspeechesandnewsbroadcasts.LateMurrowandFriendlydevelopedasimilarweeklyradios