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1、NO.278DECEMBER2023AdbbriefsKEY POINTS The LaoPeoples Democratic Republic has unique comparative advantages in green growth, which are incorporated into its social and economic planning framework, but not yet embedded in the financial sector and public finance management policies. Macroeconomic press
2、ures arising from unsustainable public debt and a weak Lao kip make the country vulnerable to shocks, including from volatility in commodity prices and changes in rainfall patterns, with climate change posing further risks to macroeconomic and financial sector stability. To support progress on its N
3、ationally Determined Contributions to achieve the Paris Agreement objectives by 2030, as well as the Sustainable Development Goals, the Lao People,s Democratic Republic needs to address ics debt sustainability challenges, including constraints relating to institutional and technical capacities and r
4、egulatory gaps, to improve its creditworthiness for increasing access to domestic and international green finance.Emma R. AllenSenior Country Economist Lao PDR Resident Mission ADBStrengtheningFoundationstoUnlockGreenFinanceintheLaoPeople,sDemocraticRepublicDavidBolandSDGFinancingSpecialist(Consulta
5、nt)1.aoPDRResidentMissionAsianDevelopmentBankFrankN.ThomasSDGImplementationandFinancingSpecialist(Consultant)Strategy,Policy,andPartnershipsDepartmentADBINTRODUCTIONThisAsianDevelopmentBank(ADB)briefprovidesasnapshotofcurrenteffortstopursueagreenergrowthpathintheLaoPeoplesDemocraticRepublic(LaoPDR),
6、tomitigatethefinancialimpactsthatareanticipatedunderprojectedscenariosofclimatechangeandnaturalresourcedegradation,andthechallengesthatthecountryfacesinaccessingfinancetohelpaverttheserisks.Itdescribeschallengestopromotingdevelopmentofagreenfinancialsector,andhowtomitigaterisksandaddressconstraints.
7、ItstressestheimportanceOfaddreSSingdebtsustainabilitychallengestosupportprogressontheSustainableDevelopmentGoals(SDGs)targetsandthecountrysnationallydeterminedcontributions(NDCs)toachievetheobjectivesoftheParisAgreementby2030.CHALLENGESInitsNinthNationalSocioeconomicDevelopmentPlan,2021-2025,theGove
8、rnmentoftheLaoPDRtargetskeygoalsforthecountrythatincludeenhancingenvironmentalprotectionandreducingdisasterriskswhilealsogrowingtheeconomyandimprovingNote: ADB recognizes *Hong Kong as Hong Kong. China; and Vietnam as Viet Nam. In this publication. $(* refers to United Sutes dollars.ADBISBN978-92-92
9、70-513-8(print)ISBN978-92-9270-514-5(electronic)ISSN2071-7202(print)ISSN2218-2675(electronic)PublicationStockNo.BRF230574-2DOI:httpdx.doi.orgl0.22617BRF230574-2livelihoodsandwell-being.Thecountry,sannualeconomicgrowthwashigh,averaging8%inthedecadeto2016,butthepandemic,vulnerabilitytoclimateandextern
10、alshocks,andworseningmacroeconomicimbalances-notablysteepcurrencydepreciation,highinflation,andrisingpublicdebt-moderatedaveragegrowthfrom2017onward., Asian Development Bank. 2023. Mjan DeVeIOPment OUHOOk (ADO) SePtember 2023. Manila.Itsgrowthhasbeennarrow,drivenprimarilybyexport-oriented,capital-in
11、tensiveforeigninvestmentinnaturalresources,largelyhydropowerandmining,andmorerecentlyintransportThegrowthslowdowninrecentyearsnarrowedfiscalspace,resultinginincreasedvulnerabilitytoarangeofeconomic,climate,environmental,andhealthshocks.Macroeconomicpressuresarisingfromunsustainablepublicdebtandaweak
12、Laokipmakethecountryvulnerabletoshocks,includingfromvolatilityincommoditypricesandchangesinrainfallpatterns,withclimatechangeposingfurtherrisks.Forexample,withtheonsetofElNinoweatherdisturbancesin2023,lectriciteduLaosGenerationPublicCompany(EDL-Gen)isatriskofsufferingrevenuelosseslinkedtolowerwateri
13、nflowinitsbasinsforhydropower.InAugust2022,heavyrainshitthecountryfollowedbyatropicalstormthatcausedwidespreadfloodsandresultedinthelimitedavailabilityofkeyfarminputs.In2020,halfofallfarmersexperienceddisastersdrought,flood,animaldisease,pestinfestations-whichreducedcapacitytogenerateincomeby20%ormo
14、reforthoseaffected.In2018,LaoPDRsuffereditsmostcostlyfloodsinadecade,withapost-disasterneedsassessmentestimatingtotaldamagesof$371.5million,equivalentto2.1%oftheGDP,andrecoveryneedsestimatedat$520million.TheLaoPDRishighlyvulnerabletodisasterstriggeredbynaturalhazards,withannualexpectedlossesforflood
15、eventsashighas3.6%ofGDP,makingsystematicriskreductioncritical., Government of the Lao PDR. 2018. POSt-DiSaSterNeedSASSeSSment: 2018 FlOC)ds, Lao PDR. Vientiane.Furthermore,economicestimatesofenvironmentalandnaturalresourcedegradationexceed$800millionperannum., World Bank. 2021. La。PDR: the Health, E
16、nVirOnment. and SUStainabie EConomiC ReCOVerV Nexus, Washington DC. Note: GDP in current United States dollars was $ 15 billion in 2022. World Bank. 2023. Maao PoVeHy Ou。:for EaSt Asia and te Pacific. Washington DC.Duetohighvulnerabilities,economicfoundationsneedtobestrengthenedinordertounlockopportunitiesforgrowingthegreenfinancesectorandscalingupinvestmentsinfloodriskmanage
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